ID   TIP39_RAT               Reviewed;         100 AA.
AC   P0C172;
DT   21-MAR-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   21-MAR-2006, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 54.
DE   RecName: Full=Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues;
DE            Short=TIP39;
DE   AltName: Full=Parathyroid hormone 2;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=Pth2; Synonyms=Tip39, Tipf39;
OS   Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Rattus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=11818570; DOI=10.1073/pnas.042416199;
RA   Dobolyi A., Ueda H., Uchida H., Palkovits M., Usdin T.B.;
RT   "Anatomical and physiological evidence for involvement of
RT   tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues in nociception.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:1651-1656(2002).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=12559132; DOI=10.1016/s0028-3908(02)00335-0;
RA   Della Penna K., Kinose F., Sun H., Koblan K.S., Wang H.;
RT   "Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39): molecular structure and
RT   activity for parathyroid hormone 2 receptor.";
RL   Neuropharmacology 44:141-153(2003).
RN   [3]
RP   TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=12508326; DOI=10.1002/cne.10515;
RA   Dobolyi A., Palkovits M., Usdin T.B.;
RT   "Expression and distribution of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues
RT   in the rat central nervous system.";
RL   J. Comp. Neurol. 455:547-566(2003).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Plays a role as a potent and selective agonist of PTH2R
CC       resulting in adenyl cyclase activation and intracellular calcium levels
CC       elevation. Induces protein kinase C beta activation, recruitment of
CC       beta-arrestin and PTH2R internalization. May inhibit cell proliferation
CC       via its action of PTH2R activation. Neuropeptide which may also have a
CC       role in spermatogenesis. May activate nociceptors and nociceptive
CC       circuits. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12559132}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Ligand of high affinity for the PTH2 receptor (PTH2R).
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in brain, dorsal root ganglion, eye and
CC       testis. In brain expressed in cell bodies of three distinct areas: The
CC       major one comprises the subparafascicular area posterior through the
CC       intralaminar nucleus of the thalamus; a second is the medial
CC       paralemniscal nucleus at the pontomesencephalic junction; and a third
CC       is in the dorsal and dorsolateral hypothalamic areas, which contained a
CC       few, scattered cell bodies. In brain expressed in fibers of limbic
CC       areas such as the septum, the amygdala, and the bed nucleus of the
CC       stria terminalis; of areas involved in endocrine regulation, such as
CC       the hypothalamic dorsomedial, paraventricular, periventricular, and
CC       arcuate nuclei; of auditory areas, such as the ectorhinal and temporal
CC       cortices, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, and some of the
CC       nuclei of the superior olivary complex; and in the dorsolateral
CC       funiculus of the spinal cord. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11818570,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:12508326}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   AlphaFoldDB; P0C172; -.
DR   SMR; P0C172; -.
DR   STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000028072; -.
DR   PaxDb; P0C172; -.
DR   UCSC; RGD:1559447; rat.
DR   RGD; 1559447; Pth2.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502S3PJ; Eukaryota.
DR   InParanoid; P0C172; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P0C172; -.
DR   Reactome; R-RNO-373080; Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors).
DR   PRO; PR:P0C172; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002494; Unplaced.
DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0007218; P:neuropeptide signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR029396; TIP39.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR28585; PTHR28585; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF14980; TIP39; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Neuropeptide; Reference proteome;
KW   Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..30
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   PROPEP          31..59
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000227670"
FT   PEPTIDE         62..100
FT                   /note="Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000227671"
SQ   SEQUENCE   100 AA;  11022 MW;  DC778742E13E0243 CRC64;
     METCQMSRSP RERLLLLLLL LLLVPWGTGP ASGVALPLAG VFSLRAPGRA WAGLGSPLSR
     RSLALADDAA FRERARLLAA LERRRWLDSY MQKLLLLDAP