TNFA_SAISC
ID TNFA_SAISC Reviewed; 233 AA.
AC Q8MKG8;
DT 23-MAY-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2002, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 98.
DE RecName: Full=Tumor necrosis factor;
DE AltName: Full=Cachectin;
DE AltName: Full=TNF-alpha;
DE AltName: Full=Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2;
DE Short=TNF-a;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form;
DE AltName: Full=N-terminal fragment;
DE Short=NTF;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Intracellular domain 1;
DE Short=ICD1;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Intracellular domain 2;
DE Short=ICD2;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=C-domain 1;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=C-domain 2;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=TNF; Synonyms=TNFA, TNFSF2;
OS Saimiri sciureus (Common squirrel monkey).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Platyrrhini; Cebidae;
OC Saimiriinae; Saimiri.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9521;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX PubMed=11976788; DOI=10.1007/s00251-002-0443-y;
RA Heraud J.M., Lavergne A., Kazanji M.;
RT "Molecular cloning, characterization, and quantification of squirrel monkey
RT (Saimiri sciureus) Th1 and Th2 cytokines.";
RL Immunogenetics 54:20-29(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE.
RX PubMed=12628762; DOI=10.1016/s0165-2427(03)00018-7;
RA Merien F., Lavergne A., Behr C., Contamin H.;
RT "Sequencing and analysis of genomic DNA and cDNA encoding TNF-alpha in the
RT squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).";
RL Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 92:37-43(2003).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It
CC is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain
CC tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action
CC or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the
CC induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell
CC proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces
CC insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1
CC tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces
CC GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible
CC for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). Plays a role in
CC angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and
CC IL6 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01375,
CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P06804}.
CC -!- FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12
CC production in dendritic cells. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01375}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homotrimer. Interacts with SPPL2B (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type II
CC membrane protein {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane
CC {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type II membrane protein {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 1]: Secreted {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 2]: Secreted {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic
CC processing. The membrane-bound form is further proteolytically
CC processed by SPPL2A or SPPL2B through regulated intramembrane
CC proteolysis producing TNF intracellular domains (ICD1 and ICD2)
CC released in the cytosol and TNF C-domain 1 and C-domain 2 secreted into
CC the extracellular space (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on
CC serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane form occurs by
CC binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine
CC and N-acetylneuraminic acid. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: [Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: The soluble form is
CC demyristoylated by SIRT6, promoting its secretion.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01375}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF294760; AAK92047.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AJ437697; CAD27179.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AJ437698; CAD27180.1; -; mRNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8MKG8; -.
DR SMR; Q8MKG8; -.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005164; F:tumor necrosis factor receptor binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006955; P:immune response; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0097527; P:necroptotic signaling pathway; ISS:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0051092; P:positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0065008; P:regulation of biological quality; IEA:UniProt.
DR GO; GO:0050793; P:regulation of developmental process; IEA:UniProt.
DR GO; GO:0051046; P:regulation of secretion; IEA:UniProt.
DR GO; GO:0010573; P:vascular endothelial growth factor production; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR CDD; cd00184; TNF; 1.
DR Gene3D; 2.60.120.40; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR006053; TNF.
DR InterPro; IPR002959; TNF_alpha.
DR InterPro; IPR021184; TNF_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR006052; TNF_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR008983; Tumour_necrosis_fac-like_dom.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11471:SF23; PTHR11471:SF23; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00229; TNF; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR01234; TNECROSISFCT.
DR PRINTS; PR01235; TNFALPHA.
DR SMART; SM00207; TNF; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF49842; SSF49842; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00251; TNF_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50049; TNF_2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Cell membrane; Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Lipoprotein;
KW Membrane; Myristate; Phosphoprotein; Secreted; Signal-anchor;
KW Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..233
FT /note="Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form"
FT /id="PRO_0000034453"
FT CHAIN 1..38
FT /note="Intracellular domain 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000417291"
FT CHAIN 1..34
FT /note="Intracellular domain 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000417292"
FT CHAIN 49..?
FT /note="C-domain 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000417293"
FT CHAIN 51..?
FT /note="C-domain 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000417294"
FT CHAIN 77..233
FT /note="Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000034454"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..32
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 33..55
FT /note="Helical; Signal-anchor for type II membrane protein"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT TOPO_DOM 56..233
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT SITE 33..34
FT /note="Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT SITE 38..39
FT /note="Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT SITE 48..49
FT /note="Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT SITE 50..51
FT /note="Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT SITE 76..77
FT /note="Cleavage; by ADAM17"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MOD_RES 2
FT /note="Phosphoserine; by CK1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT LIPID 19
FT /note="N6-myristoyl lysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01375"
FT CARBOHYD 80
FT /note="O-linked (GalNAc...) serine; in soluble form"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 145..177
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 233 AA; 25578 MW; 197FB066F744FCAD CRC64;
MSTESMIQDV ELAEEAFSKT QGPQGSRRRW FLSLFSFLLV AGATALFCLL HFGVIGPQRE
EQSSRDFSPI NSLALAVRSS SRIPSDKPVA HVVANPQAEG QLQWLNRRAN ALLANGVELR
DNQLVVPSDG LYLVYSQVLF KGQGCPSTFT LLTHSISRIA VSYQAKVNLL SAIKSPCQRE
TPRGAKTHPW YEPIYLGGVF QLEKGDRLSA EISPPDSLDL AESGQVYFGI IAL
