ID   TO1A_ATRRO              Reviewed;          85 AA.
AC   P83580; A5A3H0;
DT   27-JUN-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   28-JUL-2009, sequence version 2.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 60.
DE   RecName: Full=Omega-hexatoxin-Ar1a;
DE            Short=Omega-HXTX-Ar1a;
DE   AltName: Full=Omega-atracotoxin-Ar1a;
DE            Short=Omega-AcTx-Ar1a;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
OS   Atrax robustus (Sydney funnel-web spider).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Arachnida; Araneae;
OC   Mygalomorphae; Hexathelidae; Atrax.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=6903 {ECO:0000305};
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 49-85, FUNCTION,
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND TOXIC
RP   DOSE.
RC   STRAIN=XenFW194; TISSUE=Venom, and Venom gland;
RX   PubMed=17610847; DOI=10.1016/j.bcp.2007.05.017;
RA   Chong Y., Hayes J.L., Sollod B., Wen S., Wilson D.T., Hains P.G.,
RA   Hodgson W.C., Broady K.W., King G.F., Nicholson G.M.;
RT   "The omega-atracotoxins: selective blockers of insect M-LVA and HVA calcium
RT   channels.";
RL   Biochem. Pharmacol. 74:623-638(2007).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Insecticidal toxin that reversibly and voltage-independently
CC       blocks both mid-low- (M-LVA) and high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium
CC       channels (Cav) in cockroach DUM neurons. Also causes a modest block of
CC       insect sodium channel currents (Nav). Induces potent excitatory
CC       symptoms, followed by flaccid paralysis leading to death in house
CC       crickets. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847,
CC       ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847, ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot'
CC       structurally defines this protein as a knottin. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=4002.8; Mass_error=1.0; Method=Electrospray;
CC       Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847};
CC   -!- TOXIC DOSE: LD(50) is 236+-28 pmol/g in house crickets (Acheta
CC       domesticus) (at 48 hours post-injection).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- TOXIC DOSE: LD(50) is l43+-10 pmol/g in house crickets (Acheta
CC       domesticus) (at 72 hours post-injection).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- TOXIC DOSE: PD(50) is 147+-16 pmol/g in house crickets (Acheta
CC       domesticus) (at 48 hours post-injection).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- TOXIC DOSE: PD(50) is 124+-12 pmol/g in house crickets (Acheta
CC       domesticus) (at 72 hours post-injection).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: This toxin comes from a female specimen. It is observed
CC       that propeptide sequences coming from female specimen have only limited
CC       homology with the male paralogs, but the reason is unknown.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Does not inhibit potassium channel currents. Has no
CC       activity in vertebrate smooth and skeletal nerve-muscle preparations
CC       (PubMed:17610847). {ECO:0000305|PubMed:17610847}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 08 (Shiva) family. 01 (omega
CC       toxin) subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; EF523494; ABP63653.1; -; mRNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P83580; -.
DR   SMR; P83580; -.
DR   ArachnoServer; AS000020; omega-hexatoxin-Ar1a.
DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0019855; F:calcium channel inhibitor activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0017080; F:sodium channel regulator activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IEA:InterPro.
DR   InterPro; IPR009415; Omega-atracotox.
DR   InterPro; IPR018071; Omega-atracotox_CS.
DR   Pfam; PF06357; Omega-toxin; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS60016; OMEGA_ACTX_1; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Calcium channel impairing toxin; Cleavage on pair of basic residues;
KW   Direct protein sequencing; Disulfide bond; Ion channel impairing toxin;
KW   Knottin; Neurotoxin; Secreted; Signal; Toxin;
KW   Voltage-gated calcium channel impairing toxin;
KW   Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin.
FT   SIGNAL          1..22
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   PROPEP          23..48
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17610847"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000379907"
FT   PEPTIDE         49..85
FT                   /note="Omega-hexatoxin-Ar1a"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000044994"
FT   SITE            58
FT                   /note="Critical for insecticidal activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   SITE            75
FT                   /note="Critical for insecticidal activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   SITE            83
FT                   /note="Critical for insecticidal activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        52..66
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        59..70
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        65..84
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   85 AA;  9010 MW;  58CD587C04B95350 CRC64;
     MNTATGFIVL LVLATVLGAI EAEDAVPDFE GGFASHARED TVGGKIRRSS VCIPSGQPCP
     YNEHCCSGSC TYKENENGNT VQRCD