TOX1_PHANO
ID TOX1_PHANO Reviewed; 117 AA.
AC A9JX75;
DT 11-DEC-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 05-FEB-2008, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 45.
DE RecName: Full=Cysteine rich necrotrophic effector Tox1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22241993};
DE AltName: Full=Toxin 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18943793};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=Tox1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22241993}; ORFNames=SNOG_20078;
OS Phaeosphaeria nodorum (strain SN15 / ATCC MYA-4574 / FGSC 10173) (Glume
OS blotch fungus) (Parastagonospora nodorum).
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Dothideomycetes;
OC Pleosporomycetidae; Pleosporales; Pleosporineae; Phaeosphaeriaceae;
OC Parastagonospora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=321614;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=SN15 / ATCC MYA-4574 / FGSC 10173;
RX PubMed=18024570; DOI=10.1105/tpc.107.052829;
RA Hane J.K., Lowe R.G.T., Solomon P.S., Tan K.-C., Schoch C.L.,
RA Spatafora J.W., Crous P.W., Kodira C.D., Birren B.W., Galagan J.E.,
RA Torriani S.F.F., McDonald B.A., Oliver R.P.;
RT "Dothideomycete-plant interactions illuminated by genome sequencing and EST
RT analysis of the wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum.";
RL Plant Cell 19:3347-3368(2007).
RN [2]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=18943793; DOI=10.1094/phyto.2004.94.10.1056;
RA Liu Z.H., Faris J.D., Meinhardt S.W., Ali S., Rasmussen J.B., Friesen T.L.;
RT "Genetic and physical mapping of a gene conditioning sensitivity in wheat
RT to a partially purified host-selective toxin produced by Stagonospora
RT nodorum.";
RL Phytopathology 94:1056-1060(2004).
RN [3]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=20084492; DOI=10.1007/s00122-010-1267-z;
RA Chu C.G., Faris J.D., Xu S.S., Friesen T.L.;
RT "Genetic analysis of disease susceptibility contributed by the compatible
RT Tsn1-SnToxA and Snn1-SnTox1 interactions in the wheat-Stagonospora nodorum
RT pathosystem.";
RL Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:1451-1459(2010).
RN [4]
RP IDENTIFICATION, FUNCTION, DOMAIN, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, INDUCTION,
RP DISULFIDE BOND, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=22241993; DOI=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002467;
RA Liu Z., Zhang Z., Faris J.D., Oliver R.P., Syme R., McDonald M.C.,
RA McDonald B.A., Solomon P.S., Lu S., Shelver W.L., Xu S., Friesen T.L.;
RT "The cysteine rich necrotrophic effector SnTox1 produced by Stagonospora
RT nodorum triggers susceptibility of wheat lines harboring Snn1.";
RL PLoS Pathog. 8:E1002467-E1002467(2012).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=26217355; DOI=10.3389/fpls.2015.00501;
RA Tan K.C., Phan H.T., Rybak K., John E., Chooi Y.H., Solomon P.S.,
RA Oliver R.P.;
RT "Functional redundancy of necrotrophic effectors - consequences for
RT exploitation for breeding.";
RL Front. Plant Sci. 6:501-501(2015).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=26416667; DOI=10.1534/g3.115.021584;
RA Cockram J., Scuderi A., Barber T., Furuki E., Gardner K.A., Gosman N.,
RA Kowalczyk R., Phan H.P., Rose G.A., Tan K.C., Oliver R.P., Mackay I.J.;
RT "Fine-Mapping the Wheat Snn1 Locus Conferring Sensitivity to the
RT Parastagonospora nodorum Necrotrophic Effector SnTox1 Using an Eight
RT Founder Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross Population.";
RL G3 (Bethesda) 5:2257-2266(2015).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, CHITIN-BINDING, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=27041151; DOI=10.1111/nph.13959;
RA Liu Z., Gao Y., Kim Y.M., Faris J.D., Shelver W.L., de Wit P.J., Xu S.S.,
RA Friesen T.L.;
RT "SnTox1, a Parastagonospora nodorum necrotrophic effector, is a dual-
RT function protein that facilitates infection while protecting from wheat-
RT produced chitinases.";
RL New Phytol. 211:1052-1064(2016).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=27133896; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13203;
RA Phan H.T., Rybak K., Furuki E., Breen S., Solomon P.S., Oliver R.P.,
RA Tan K.C.;
RT "Differential effector gene expression underpins epistasis in a plant
RT fungal disease.";
RL Plant J. 87:343-354(2016).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH HOST SNN1.
RX PubMed=27819043; DOI=10.1126/sciadv.1600822;
RA Shi G., Zhang Z., Friesen T.L., Raats D., Fahima T., Brueggeman R.S.,
RA Lu S., Trick H.N., Liu Z., Chao W., Frenkel Z., Xu S.S., Rasmussen J.B.,
RA Faris J.D.;
RT "The hijacking of a receptor kinase-driven pathway by a wheat fungal
RT pathogen leads to disease.";
RL Sci. Adv. 2:E1600822-E1600822(2016).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=30858234; DOI=10.1104/pp.19.00149;
RA Peters Haugrud A.R., Zhang Z., Richards J.K., Friesen T.L., Faris J.D.;
RT "Genetics of variable disease expression conferred by inverse gene-for-gene
RT interactions in the wheat-Parastagonospora nodorum pathosystem.";
RL Plant Physiol. 180:420-434(2019).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Necrotrophic effector that plays a critical role during
CC fungal penetration, via its interaction with the host Snn1 protein
CC (PubMed:18943793, PubMed:20084492, PubMed:22241993, PubMed:26217355,
CC PubMed:26416667, PubMed:27041151, PubMed:27133896, PubMed:27819043,
CC PubMed:30858234). Snn1 is a member of the wall-associated kinase class
CC of receptors, which are known to drive pathways for biotrophic pathogen
CC resistance (PubMed:27819043). Recognition of Tox1 by Snn1 induces
CC mitogen-activated protein kinase genes such as MAPK3 and activates
CC programmed cell death, which allows this necrotroph to gain nutrients
CC and sporulate (PubMed:27041151, PubMed:27819043). Recognition of Tox1
CC by Snn1 also induces other plant defense responses, including oxidative
CC burst and pathogenesis related (PR) gene expression (PubMed:22241993).
CC The development of necrosis and disease induced by Tox1, and
CC particularly penetration during infection, requires light, which is
CC probably related to the light-dependent expression of host Snn1
CC (PubMed:22241993, PubMed:27819043). Tox1 plays an additional role in
CC providing significant protection from wheat chitinases by binding
CC chitin in the fungal cell wall (PubMed:27041151).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18943793, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20084492,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:22241993, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26217355,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26416667, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27041151,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27133896, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27819043,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:30858234}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with host cell wall-associated kinase receptor Snn1.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27819043}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22241993,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27041151}. Note=Localizes to the outside of mycelium
CC and the penetration structure (PubMed:27041151). Remains largely on the
CC leaf surface during mesophyll necrosis (PubMed:27041151).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27041151}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression is induced in planta during disease development
CC and peaks at 3 days post-inoculation correlating with the onset of
CC necrotic lesion development (PubMed:22241993). Expression is increased
CC in the absence of toxin A (ToxA) (PubMed:30858234).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22241993, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30858234}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Impairs pathogenicity on differential wheat lines
CC harboring the Snn1 gene. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22241993,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26217355}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The host Snn1 gene confers susceptibility to strains of
CC the necrotrophic pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum that produce the
CC Tox1 protein. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18943793,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27819043}.
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DR EMBL; CH445334; EDP89767.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; XP_001797505.1; XM_001797453.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; A9JX75; -.
DR EnsemblFungi; SNOT_20078; SNOT_20078; SNOG_20078.
DR GeneID; 5974395; -.
DR KEGG; pno:SNOG_20078; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_2085624_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; A9JX75; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1910326at2759; -.
DR PHI-base; PHI:3124; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001055; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0008061; F:chitin binding; TAS:PHI-base.
DR GO; GO:0140295; F:pathogen-derived receptor ligand activity; EXP:PHI-base.
DR GO; GO:0080185; P:effector-mediated induction of plant hypersensitive response by symbiont; EXP:PHI-base.
DR InterPro; IPR044057; SnTox1_CBL.
DR Pfam; PF18973; CBL; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Disulfide bond; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal; Virulence.
FT SIGNAL 1..17
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 18..117
FT /note="Cysteine rich necrotrophic effector Tox1"
FT /id="PRO_5002739990"
FT REGION 87..117
FT /note="Chitin-binding domain"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 36..87
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 44..55
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 53..58
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 54..98
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 63..83
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 67..117
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 86..97
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
FT DISULFID 107..110
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:22241993"
SQ SEQUENCE 117 AA; 12145 MW; E9F635FBE8ABEA28 CRC64;
MKLTMVLSVA FATLTFANEG ILTFEGLGLA RRQTICHTPG GSGCRASISG DQCCCTSCTP
EDCSDLCKNG KQAAHEAQKQ KKCAKCCNAG GESHELCCSI ASAGIDCNPC TAGLRMC
