TRA2_CAEEL
ID TRA2_CAEEL Reviewed; 1475 AA.
AC P34709; Q8STA8; Q8STE2; Q8T5X5; Q8T5X6; Q8T5X7; Q8T5X8; Q8T5X9; Q8T5Y0;
AC Q8T5Y1; Q8T5Y2; Q8T5Y3; Q8T5Y4; Q8T5Y5; Q9N5Y5;
DT 01-FEB-1994, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-FEB-1994, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 138.
DE RecName: Full=Sex-determining transformer protein 2;
DE AltName: Full=Ce-Tra-2;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=tra-2; ORFNames=C15F1.3;
OS Caenorhabditis elegans.
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida;
OC Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae;
OC Caenorhabditis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=6239;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM TRA-2A), FUNCTION, AND SUBCELLULAR
RP LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=1498366; DOI=10.1091/mbc.3.4.461;
RA Kuwabara P.E., Okkema P.G., Kimble J.;
RT "tra-2 encodes a membrane protein and may mediate cell communication in the
RT Caenorhabditis elegans sex determination pathway.";
RL Mol. Biol. Cell 3:461-473(1992).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM TRA-2A), ALTERNATIVE INITIATION
RP (ISOFORM TRA-2B), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=9851857; DOI=10.1006/dbio.1998.9062;
RA Kuwabara P.E., Okkema P.G., Kimble J.;
RT "Germ-line regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determining gene
RT tra-2.";
RL Dev. Biol. 204:251-262(1998).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], AND ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=9851916; DOI=10.1126/science.282.5396.2012;
RG The C. elegans sequencing consortium;
RT "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating
RT biology.";
RL Science 282:2012-2018(1998).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 11-142.
RC STRAIN=AB1, AB2, CB4507, CB4851, CB4852, CB4853, CB4854, CB4855, CB4856,
RC CB4857, CB4858, CB4932, DH424, DR1344, PB303, PB305, PB306, PB307, and
RC TR388;
RX PubMed=12019226; DOI=10.1093/genetics/161.1.99;
RA Graustein A., Gaspar J.M., Walters J.R., Palopoli M.F.;
RT "Levels of DNA polymorphism vary with mating system in the nematode genus
RT Caenorhabditis.";
RL Genetics 161:99-107(2002).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=1703488; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07933.x;
RA Okkema P.G., Kimble J.;
RT "Molecular analysis of tra-2, a sex determining gene in C.elegans.";
RL EMBO J. 10:171-176(1991).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH FEM-3.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=10364161; DOI=10.1101/gad.13.11.1453;
RA Mehra A., Gaudet J., Heck L., Kuwabara P.E., Spence A.M.;
RT "Negative regulation of male development in Caenorhabditis elegans by a
RT protein-protein interaction between TRA-2A and FEM-3.";
RL Genes Dev. 13:1453-1463(1999).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND CLEAVAGE BY TRA-3.
RX PubMed=10783162;
RA Sokol S.B., Kuwabara P.E.;
RT "Proteolysis in Caenorhabditis elegans sex determination: cleavage of TRA-
RT 2A by TRA-3.";
RL Genes Dev. 14:901-906(2000).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TRA-1, AND MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-1392; GLU-1393 AND
RP ARG-1400.
RX PubMed=11124807;
RA Lum D.H., Kuwabara P.E., Zarkower D., Spence A.M.;
RT "Direct protein-protein interaction between the intracellular domain of
RT TRA-2 and the transcription factor TRA-1A modulates feminizing activity in
RT C. elegans.";
RL Genes Dev. 14:3153-3165(2000).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TRA-1, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-1393; ARG-1400 AND
RP PRO-1411.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=11250902; DOI=10.1093/emboj/20.6.1363;
RA Wang S., Kimble J.;
RT "The TRA-1 transcription factor binds TRA-2 to regulate sexual fates in
RT Caenorhabditis elegans.";
RL EMBO J. 20:1363-1372(2001).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH FEM-3.
RX PubMed=12477393; DOI=10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01333-7;
RA Haag E.S., Wang S., Kimble J.;
RT "Rapid coevolution of the nematode sex-determining genes fem-3 and tra-2.";
RL Curr. Biol. 12:2035-2041(2002).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Plays a major role in controlling sexual cell fates. Promotes
CC female development in XX animals where it sequesters one or more of the
CC FEM proteins to the membrane thereby freeing the tra-1 protein (a
CC putative transcription factor) to enter the nucleus and promote female
CC development. In XO animals it acts as a receptor for her-1 which
CC prevents it from binding to FEM proteins thereby repressing the
CC activity of tra-1. Negatively regulates male development when bound to
CC fem-3 and is required together with tra-1 for promoting
CC spermatogenesis. Also required for feminizing tra-3 activity.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10364161, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10783162,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11124807, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11250902,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12477393, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1498366,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:1703488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9851857}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with tra-1 and fem-3. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10364161,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11124807, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11250902,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12477393}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P34709; P34691: fem-3; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-367223, EBI-445465;
CC P34709; P34708: tra-1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-367223, EBI-367204;
CC P34709; P34708-1: tra-1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-367223, EBI-367214;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1498366}; Multi-pass
CC membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1498366}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing, Alternative initiation; Named isoforms=3;
CC Name=Tra-2A; Synonyms=a;
CC IsoId=P34709-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=b;
CC IsoId=P34709-2; Sequence=VSP_011746, VSP_011747;
CC Name=Tra-2B;
CC IsoId=P34709-3; Sequence=VSP_018823;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Somatic and germline tissues. Isoform Tra-2B is
CC specific to oocytes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1703488,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9851857}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed both maternally and zygotically.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1703488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9851857}.
CC -!- PTM: Undergoes cleavage by tra-3 to produce a feminizing carboxy-
CC terminal isoform Tra-2B. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10783162}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Isoform Tra-2B is likely to be cytoplasmic because it
CC lacks an N-terminal sequence and potential membrane spanning domains.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The MX region mediates a post-translational regulation,
CC essential for the onset of hermaphrodite spermatogenesis.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform Tra-2B]: Produced by alternative initiation at
CC Met-1089 of isoform Tra-2A. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; M91371; AAA28150.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; S42187; AAB22845.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; FO080553; CCD64611.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; FO080553; CCD64612.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491489; AAM09771.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491490; AAM09772.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491491; AAM09773.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491492; AAM09774.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491493; AAM09775.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491494; AAM09776.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491495; AAM09777.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491496; AAM09778.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491497; AAM09779.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491498; AAM09780.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491499; AAM09781.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491500; AAM09782.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491501; AAM09783.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491502; AAM09784.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491503; AAM09785.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491504; AAM09786.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491505; AAM09787.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491506; AAM09788.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF491507; AAM09789.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; A60026; A60026.
DR RefSeq; NP_001021954.1; NM_001026783.3. [P34709-2]
DR RefSeq; NP_495426.1; NM_063025.7. [P34709-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; P34709; -.
DR BioGRID; 39475; 9.
DR IntAct; P34709; 2.
DR MINT; P34709; -.
DR STRING; 6239.C15F1.3a; -.
DR iPTMnet; P34709; -.
DR EPD; P34709; -.
DR PaxDb; P34709; -.
DR PRIDE; P34709; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; C15F1.3a.1; C15F1.3a.1; WBGene00006605. [P34709-1]
DR EnsemblMetazoa; C15F1.3b.1; C15F1.3b.1; WBGene00006605. [P34709-2]
DR GeneID; 174137; -.
DR KEGG; cel:CELE_C15F1.3; -.
DR UCSC; C15F1.3a.1; c. elegans. [P34709-1]
DR CTD; 174137; -.
DR WormBase; C15F1.3a; CE23546; WBGene00006605; tra-2. [P34709-1]
DR WormBase; C15F1.3b; CE23547; WBGene00006605; tra-2. [P34709-2]
DR eggNOG; ENOG502R9RT; Eukaryota.
DR InParanoid; P34709; -.
DR OMA; SIWTIER; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1388750at2759; -.
DR SignaLink; P34709; -.
DR PRO; PR:P34709; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001940; Chromosome II.
DR Bgee; WBGene00006605; Expressed in embryo and 4 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P34709; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0048471; C:perinuclear region of cytoplasm; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0044214; C:spanning component of plasma membrane; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0038023; F:signaling receptor activity; TAS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0004888; F:transmembrane signaling receptor activity; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0018992; P:germ-line sex determination; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0040021; P:hermaphrodite germ-line sex determination; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0042001; P:hermaphrodite somatic sex determination; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0007530; P:sex determination; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007548; P:sex differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0007283; P:spermatogenesis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR032848; Ce-Tra-2.
DR PANTHER; PTHR39365; PTHR39365; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative initiation; Alternative splicing; Developmental protein;
KW Differentiation; Membrane; Receptor; Reference proteome;
KW Sexual differentiation; Signal; Spermatogenesis; Transmembrane;
KW Transmembrane helix.
FT SIGNAL 1..31
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 32..1475
FT /note="Sex-determining transformer protein 2"
FT /id="PRO_0000022574"
FT TRANSMEM 446..466
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 474..494
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 496..516
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 589..609
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 737..757
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 902..922
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 928..948
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 952..972
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 979..999
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 1034..1054
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 1060..1080
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 1133..1273
FT /note="Interaction with fem-3"
FT REGION 1142..1194
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1267..1330
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1392..1413
FT /note="MX regulatory domain; required for tra-1 binding"
FT REGION 1424..1475
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1267..1311
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1428..1442
FT /note="Pro residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1449..1475
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT SITE 1088..1089
FT /note="Cleavage; by tra-3"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..1088
FT /note="Missing (in isoform Tra-2B)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_018823"
FT VAR_SEQ 1044..1147
FT /note="AFSILAIICSIVPELNIFFVPTVILIVIQIVAVFNSIIVSIATKQMFESEVR
FT HYLHRDLRGSTTAVRVYNLVQKQRLASSLDEPQVELDEFSIKRSSPPCRYYA -> EFP
FT KREVTCQNWWPFSSSRSSICSFFFHSHPSSIILATLSIFRQYIYLFSLFSFSHSSSDVS
FT NKKSRGYCRCMSCFSIFFQRVWPQEHWNTANNEKGTQKESGC (in isoform b)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_011746"
FT VAR_SEQ 1148..1475
FT /note="Missing (in isoform b)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_011747"
FT MUTAGEN 1392
FT /note="C->Y: Prevents binding with tra-1."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11124807"
FT MUTAGEN 1393
FT /note="E->K: Causes weak somatic masculinization; prevents
FT binding with tra-1."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11124807,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:11250902"
FT MUTAGEN 1400
FT /note="R->Q: Causes weak somatic masculinization; prevents
FT binding with tra-1."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11124807,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:11250902"
FT MUTAGEN 1411
FT /note="P->L: Causes weak somatic masculinization."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11250902"
FT CONFLICT 134..139
FT /note="LLEMQR -> FLKCNV (in Ref. 4; AAM09789)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 1475 AA; 170353 MW; F8C6456B3D3654BE CRC64;
MKLKYNKLLV SVVIVTFVTF GLLLAECFGK SIDYQEKSIF PSFVSQGFFE TRTNNEEYII
EKIAQTQENG VDMRSTLHFT QHGYLLNNIS NLKIKFRQKT YTLNDVCFKP HITIFQQSSS
SDQNEYPHYI QRLLLEMQRL SPCLIVTPLN CFYDIYRIHG EISNWNKNTD FLNRRLRNSY
IEAIGENDER PYVKSNYGPS LIKSWADHMF DLPSKSFTNS TKDALFQKIK LWLLSIEPRQ
KTCAASIHSC DTPLDSEHYF NICTDMQSVD NFAEKKTKFK LEDVDEEFAM NLDCVDDQEQ
FIEWMQELEI RKMYSHVTEK PDYPNVVNQT CDKIFHDLNS TGIEFFDGSR SFSSTKSQFD
TMQTEIVLLT PEMLLSAMQH SDFVNGFESI WTIEKAEELI HEFRLALKEE TEKFKENRMS
KMIRVTSRVL DNTVTTKLQS FSEKQTIHFV VNVHSLIVIL FTIFVWSGAP LRSAFMFFVR
DALTCLLFCF VCSTDGVIVL DTELIKYIIV LTLANLYFTT RSSFCTERLS RCIQREKRFP
INSNFASLIT VDTMTDSRQI QYFLSTVTKY QAAQDSYSNE LFERFPKNWG CTSILIFPIV
FVYWYFIDSN FDKICVSVLP SFCLAAGEEL FAKNMFWKER EAMQAKQRLE NEEQAESITG
SSLEKLFAGN KPVSNTDKAN IVKKSSIIRN QKPCLQDLSP GTYDVSNFMK YPHQASRIFR
EKIIGLYLRI LKLRTLGVIL CIPAILLIVI SIGLLFIPVK RETLHTDSKQ DDIFIEFEIF
NFSTNWKIVN QNLKQFSEDI ESIGTLYTIS NWQKSFERFE QETNKNASAE WNILFKWIND
EPINSAVTLF SEKSSGNQTI ANPFKFRLRY GFDAKNETTV IEIVQKIDEL LSKCSKNLSP
KAVGVLYEHY HRIAVVWNLF AFNQLTTAGI FIILLSIITF IFAITPTIKA TFLFSLLVVG
TQIEVAALVH LFSLDHHQIY TNLALFAGFL AAWDPFCALL RYRRRILYKS ETRRTPELAS
KRRVLLPIVA TADIAQFFVL LITAFSILAI ICSIVPELNI FFVPTVILIV IQIVAVFNSI
IVSIATKQMF ESEVRHYLHR DLRGSTTAVR VYNLVQKQRL ASSLDEPQVE LDEFSIKRSS
PPCRYYAPPP KYSCKKRSRS SDEDEDSDPN QPGPSNRRSP KTGNKRVRGN GDNTELYIPN
RYELIVSGKS VGGNTSAAWN GPGSTLEQNM NALEECFELG VDEYDFDEHD GDEGCELVQD
MLDRERNLMN KRSTAQRRES RNIEKMKKSQ ENLDKEKSEE KISESKKNQD DSIESPNLPG
TPANLPVDEP LPPVGRLYIV EHVLPEEYRR DPLTEPPSME DCIRAHSDPN LPPHPRADQY
PASFTRPMVE YCEDIYWTHR TGQLPPGLQV PRRPYDYYHI TERTPPPEDL NWVPPAESPP
IPIPQQAFDL LEERRRNHRE QQDEAREGDL SDPEV
