TRXH5_ARATH
ID TRXH5_ARATH Reviewed; 118 AA.
AC Q39241; Q38881; Q56X92; Q9MAJ6;
DT 01-DEC-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-NOV-1996, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 163.
DE RecName: Full=Thioredoxin H5;
DE Short=AtTrxh5;
DE AltName: Full=Protein LOCUS OF INSENSITIVITY TO VICTORIN 1;
DE AltName: Full=Thioredoxin 5;
DE Short=AtTRX5;
GN Name=TRX5; Synonyms=LIV1; OrderedLocusNames=At1g45145; ORFNames=F27F5.21;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Callus;
RX PubMed=7777559; DOI=10.1073/pnas.92.12.5620;
RA Rivera-Madrid R., Mestres D., Marinho P., Jacquot J.-P., Decottignies P.,
RA Miginiac-Maslow M., Meyer Y.;
RT "Evidence for five divergent thioredoxin h sequences in Arabidopsis
RT thaliana.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:5620-5624(1995).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=8642611; DOI=10.1007/bf02498636;
RA Sahrawy M., Hecht V., Lopez Jaramillo J., Chueca A., Chartier Y., Meyer Y.;
RT "Intron position as an evolutionary marker of thioredoxins and thioredoxin
RT domains.";
RL J. Mol. Evol. 42:422-431(1996).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130712; DOI=10.1038/35048500;
RA Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O.,
RA Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E.,
RA Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K., Conn L.,
RA Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P.,
RA Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D.,
RA Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J.,
RA Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L.,
RA Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A.,
RA Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A.,
RA Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M.,
RA Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M.,
RA Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P.,
RA Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D.,
RA Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D.,
RA Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:816-820(2000).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11910074; DOI=10.1126/science.1071006;
RA Seki M., Narusaka M., Kamiya A., Ishida J., Satou M., Sakurai T.,
RA Nakajima M., Enju A., Akiyama K., Oono Y., Muramatsu M., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA Kawai J., Carninci P., Itoh M., Ishii Y., Arakawa T., Shibata K.,
RA Shinagawa A., Shinozaki K.;
RT "Functional annotation of a full-length Arabidopsis cDNA collection.";
RL Science 296:141-145(2002).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A.,
RA Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y.,
RA Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K.,
RA Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA Shinozaki K.;
RT "Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [8]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA Feldmann K.A.;
RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=14749482; DOI=10.1093/pcp/pch019;
RA Yamazaki D., Motohashi K., Kasama T., Hara Y., Hisabori T.;
RT "Target proteins of the cytosolic thioredoxins in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant Cell Physiol. 45:18-27(2004).
RN [10]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=14976236; DOI=10.1104/pp.103.035782;
RA Laloi C., Mestres-Ortega D., Marco Y., Meyer Y., Reichheld J.P.;
RT "The Arabidopsis cytosolic thioredoxin h5 gene induction by oxidative
RT stress and its W-box-mediated response to pathogen elicitor.";
RL Plant Physiol. 134:1006-1016(2004).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION, INDUCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-39 AND
RP CYS-42.
RX PubMed=17322408; DOI=10.1105/tpc.106.047563;
RA Sweat T.A., Wolpert T.J.;
RT "Thioredoxin h5 is required for victorin sensitivity mediated by a CC-NBS-
RT LRR gene in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 19:673-687(2007).
RN [12]
RP GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=19825616; DOI=10.1093/mp/ssn076;
RA Chibani K., Wingsle G., Jacquot J.P., Gelhaye E., Rouhier N.;
RT "Comparative genomic study of the thioredoxin family in photosynthetic
RT organisms with emphasis on Populus trichocarpa.";
RL Mol. Plant 2:308-322(2009).
RN [13]
RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ALA-2, CLEAVAGE OF INITIATOR
RP METHIONINE [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY
RP [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=22223895; DOI=10.1074/mcp.m111.015131;
RA Bienvenut W.V., Sumpton D., Martinez A., Lilla S., Espagne C., Meinnel T.,
RA Giglione C.;
RT "Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins
RT reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.";
RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 11:M111.015131-M111.015131(2012).
RN [14]
RP INTERACTION WITH MDH1.
RX PubMed=29194485; DOI=10.1093/jxb/erx396;
RA Huang J., Niazi A.K., Young D., Rosado L.A., Vertommen D., Bodra N.,
RA Abdelgawwad M.R., Vignols F., Wei B., Wahni K., Bashandy T., Bariat L.,
RA Van Breusegem F., Messens J., Reichheld J.P.;
RT "Self-protection of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase against oxidative stress
RT in Arabidopsis.";
RL J. Exp. Bot. 69:3491-3505(2018).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase involved in response to
CC pathogens and oxidative stresses. Required for the response to
CC victorin, a phytotoxin which induces programmed cell death in sensitive
CC plants. Possesses insulin disulfide bonds reducing activity.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14749482, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17322408}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with MDH1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:29194485}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By treatment with salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA),
CC iron, copper and UV-C. Induced by wounding, oxidative stress, infection
CC with incompatible P.syringae and treatment with the fungal phytotoxin
CC victorin. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14976236, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17322408}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Insensitivity to victorin phytotoxin.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17322408}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioredoxin family. Plant H-type subfamily.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- CAUTION: The active site contains a CPPC motif wich differs from the
CC conserved CGPC motif. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAF69169.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; Z35476; CAA84613.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; U35829; AAC49356.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC007915; AAF69169.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002684; AEE32083.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AK118035; BAC42666.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF360227; AAK25937.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY040028; AAK64086.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AK221784; BAD93909.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY087159; AAM64717.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; G96509; G96509.
DR PIR; S58120; S58120.
DR RefSeq; NP_175128.1; NM_103588.5.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q39241; -.
DR SMR; Q39241; -.
DR BioGRID; 26307; 76.
DR DIP; DIP-61886N; -.
DR IntAct; Q39241; 75.
DR STRING; 3702.AT1G45145.1; -.
DR iPTMnet; Q39241; -.
DR SwissPalm; Q39241; -.
DR PaxDb; Q39241; -.
DR PRIDE; Q39241; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 228706; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT1G45145.1; AT1G45145.1; AT1G45145.
DR GeneID; 841082; -.
DR Gramene; AT1G45145.1; AT1G45145.1; AT1G45145.
DR KEGG; ath:AT1G45145; -.
DR Araport; AT1G45145; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2825451; AT1G45145.
DR eggNOG; KOG0907; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_090389_14_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q39241; -.
DR OMA; CAPCKDI; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1482186at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q39241; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q39241; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 1.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q39241; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q39241; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009506; C:plasmodesma; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0016671; F:oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0050832; P:defense response to fungus; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010188; P:response to microbial phytotoxin; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006979; P:response to oxidative stress; IEP:TAIR.
DR InterPro; IPR036249; Thioredoxin-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR017937; Thioredoxin_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR013766; Thioredoxin_domain.
DR Pfam; PF00085; Thioredoxin; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF52833; SSF52833; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00194; THIOREDOXIN_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51352; THIOREDOXIN_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acetylation; Cytoplasm; Disulfide bond; Electron transport;
KW Redox-active center; Reference proteome; Transport.
FT INIT_MET 1
FT /note="Removed"
FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:22223895"
FT CHAIN 2..118
FT /note="Thioredoxin H5"
FT /id="PRO_0000120050"
FT DOMAIN 2..113
FT /note="Thioredoxin"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00691"
FT ACT_SITE 39
FT /note="Nucleophile"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT ACT_SITE 42
FT /note="Nucleophile"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT MOD_RES 2
FT /note="N-acetylalanine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:22223895"
FT DISULFID 39..42
FT /note="Redox-active"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00691"
FT MUTAGEN 39
FT /note="C->S: Loss of sensitivity to victorin phytotoxin."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17322408"
FT MUTAGEN 42
FT /note="C->S: No effect on sensitivity to victorin
FT phytotoxin."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17322408"
FT CONFLICT 118
FT /note="A -> AL (in Ref. 2; AAC49356)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 118 AA; 13122 MW; 164FA8CDA98FC862 CRC64;
MAGEGEVIAC HTLEVWNEKV KDANESKKLI VIDFTASWCP PCRFIAPVFA EMAKKFTNVV
FFKIDVDELQ AVAQEFKVEA MPTFVFMKEG NIIDRVVGAA KDEINEKLMK HGGLVASA
