TT16_ARATH
ID TT16_ARATH Reviewed; 252 AA.
AC Q8RYD9; Q540P5; Q9FMX4;
DT 13-DEC-2002, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUN-2002, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 149.
DE RecName: Full=Protein TRANSPARENT TESTA 16;
DE AltName: Full=Arabidopsis BSISTER MADS-box protein;
GN Name=TT16; Synonyms=ABS, AGL32; OrderedLocusNames=At5g23260;
GN ORFNames=MKD15.12;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Green siliques;
RX PubMed=11862488; DOI=10.1007/s00438-001-0615-8;
RA Becker A., Kaufmann K., Freialdenhoven A., Vincent C., Li M.-A.,
RA Saedler H., Theissen G.;
RT "A novel MADS-box gene subfamily with sistergroup relationship to class B
RT floral homeotic genes.";
RL Mol. Genet. Genomics 266:942-950(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), AND GENE FAMILY ORGANIZATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Silique;
RX PubMed=12837945; DOI=10.1105/tpc.011544;
RA Parenicova L., de Folter S., Kieffer M., Horner D.S., Favalli C.,
RA Busscher J., Cook H.E., Ingram R.M., Kater M.M., Davies B., Angenent G.C.,
RA Colombo L.;
RT "Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the complete MADS-box transcription
RT factor family in Arabidopsis: new openings to the MADS world.";
RL Plant Cell 15:1538-1551(2003).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=9501997; DOI=10.1093/dnares/4.6.401;
RA Nakamura Y., Sato S., Kaneko T., Kotani H., Asamizu E., Miyajima N.,
RA Tabata S.;
RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. III. Sequence
RT features of the regions of 1,191,918 bp covered by seventeen physically
RT assigned P1 clones.";
RL DNA Res. 4:401-414(1997).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Bautista V.R., Kim C.J., Chen H., Wu S.Y., De Los Reyes C., Ecker J.R.;
RT "Arabidopsis ORF clones.";
RL Submitted (JAN-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [6]
RP CHARACTERIZATION, AND ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
RX PubMed=12368498; DOI=10.1105/tpc.004127;
RA Nesi N., Debeaujon I., Jond C., Stewart A.J., Jenkins G.I., Caboche M.,
RA Lepiniec L.;
RT "The TRANSPARENT TESTA16 locus encodes the ARABIDOPSIS BSISTER MADS domain
RT protein and is required for proper development and pigmentation of the seed
RT coat.";
RL Plant Cell 14:2463-2479(2002).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH AP1/AGL7; SEP1/AGL2; SEP2/AGL4; SEP3/AGL9
RP AND AGL3/SEP4.
RX PubMed=16080001; DOI=10.1007/s00438-005-0010-y;
RA Kaufmann K., Anfang N., Saedler H., Theissen G.;
RT "Mutant analysis, protein-protein interactions and subcellular localization
RT of the Arabidopsis B sister (ABS) protein.";
RL Mol. Genet. Genomics 274:103-118(2005).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=22176531; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04878.x;
RA Mizzotti C., Mendes M.A., Caporali E., Schnittger A., Kater M.M.,
RA Battaglia R., Colombo L.;
RT "The MADS box genes SEEDSTICK and ARABIDOPSIS Bsister play a maternal role
RT in fertilization and seed development.";
RL Plant J. 70:409-420(2012).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=27233529; DOI=10.1105/tpc.16.00041;
RA Xu W., Fiume E., Coen O., Pechoux C., Lepiniec L., Magnani E.;
RT "Endosperm and nucellus develop antagonistically in Arabidopsis seeds.";
RL Plant Cell 28:1343-1360(2016).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=27776173; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0165075;
RA Ehlers K., Bhide A.S., Tekleyohans D.G., Wittkop B., Snowdon R.J.,
RA Becker A.;
RT "The MADS box genes ABS, SHP1, and SHP2 are essential for the coordination
RT of cell divisions in ovule and seed coat development and for endosperm
RT formation in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL PLoS ONE 11:E0165075-E0165075(2016).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor involved in the developmental regulation
CC of the endothelium and in the accumulation of proanthocyanidins (PAs)
CC or condensed tannins which give the seed its brown pigmentation after
CC oxidation (PubMed:12368498, PubMed:16080001). Necessary for the normal
CC activation of the BANYULS promoter in the endothelium body
CC (PubMed:12368498). Is required, together with AGL11/STK for the
CC maternal control of endothelium formation, which is essential for
CC female gametophyte development and fertilization, and seed formation
CC (PubMed:22176531). Interacts genetically with AGL1/SHP1 and AGL5/SHP2
CC in a partially antagonistic manner and represses AGL1/SHP1, AGL5/SHP2,
CC and AGL8/FUL during flower development. Is essential for the
CC coordination of cell divisions in ovule, seed coat development and
CC endosperm formation (PubMed:27776173). Mediates the crosstalk between
CC endothelium and nucellus to ensure proper seed formation. Functions
CC redundantly with AGL63/GOA to repress nucellus growth and promote its
CC degeneration. Represses the negative regulator of autophagy and
CC programmed cell death HVA22D in the proximal nucellus
CC (PubMed:27233529). Binds specifically to the CArG box DNA sequence 5'-
CC CC (A/T)6 GG-3' (PubMed:16080001). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12368498,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16080001, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22176531,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27233529, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27776173}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with AP1/AGL7, SEP1/AGL2, SEP2/AGL4, SEP3/AGL9 and
CC AGL3/SEP4. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16080001}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC Q8RYD9; P29382: SEP1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-621993, EBI-632935;
CC Q8RYD9; Q5XXN7: SEP1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-621993, EBI-621940;
CC Q8RYD9; O22456: SEP3; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-621993, EBI-592020;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=Q8RYD9-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=2;
CC IsoId=Q8RYD9-2; Sequence=VSP_006257;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in buds, flowers and immature seeds, but
CC not in roots, stems, leaves, seedlings or siliques valves. Expression
CC in seed coat is confined to the endothelium layer.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed during seed development.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The two isoforms were always coexpressed in the tissues
CC investigated. The pigmentation of the chalaza-micropyle region is not
CC under the control of ABS, as opposed to the pigmentation of the seed
CC body.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=BAB11181.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AJ318098; CAC85664.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY141212; AAN52776.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AB007648; BAB11181.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; AED93144.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT030048; ABN04786.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001119264.1; NM_001125792.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_974823.1; NM_203094.2. [Q8RYD9-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8RYD9; -.
DR SMR; Q8RYD9; -.
DR BioGRID; 17665; 18.
DR IntAct; Q8RYD9; 20.
DR STRING; 3702.AT5G23260.2; -.
DR PaxDb; Q8RYD9; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 232402; -. [Q8RYD9-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G23260.2; AT5G23260.2; AT5G23260. [Q8RYD9-1]
DR GeneID; 832390; -.
DR Gramene; AT5G23260.2; AT5G23260.2; AT5G23260. [Q8RYD9-1]
DR KEGG; ath:AT5G23260; -.
DR Araport; AT5G23260; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2166766; AT5G23260.
DR eggNOG; KOG0014; Eukaryota.
DR InParanoid; Q8RYD9; -.
DR OMA; QPNLQDF; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q8RYD9; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8RYD9; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 5.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q8RYD9; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q8RYD9; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0080060; P:integument development; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0048481; P:plant ovule development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0045595; P:regulation of cell differentiation; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0051302; P:regulation of cell division; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0008360; P:regulation of cell shape; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0080155; P:regulation of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:2000029; P:regulation of proanthocyanidin biosynthetic process; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0048316; P:seed development; IMP:TAIR.
DR CDD; cd00265; MADS_MEF2_like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.1810.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR031050; FBP24/AGL63/defh21-like.
DR InterPro; IPR033896; MADS_MEF2-like.
DR InterPro; IPR002487; TF_Kbox.
DR InterPro; IPR002100; TF_MADSbox.
DR InterPro; IPR036879; TF_MADSbox_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR48019:SF81; PTHR48019:SF81; 1.
DR Pfam; PF01486; K-box; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00319; SRF-TF; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00404; MADSDOMAIN.
DR SMART; SM00432; MADS; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55455; SSF55455; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51297; K_BOX; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00350; MADS_BOX_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50066; MADS_BOX_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative splicing; Coiled coil; Developmental protein; DNA-binding;
KW Flowering; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repressor; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..252
FT /note="Protein TRANSPARENT TESTA 16"
FT /id="PRO_0000199495"
FT DOMAIN 1..61
FT /note="MADS-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251"
FT DOMAIN 86..176
FT /note="K-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00629"
FT COILED 121..174
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT VAR_SEQ 142..146
FT /note="Missing (in isoform 2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:12837945, ECO:0000303|Ref.5"
FT /id="VSP_006257"
SQ SEQUENCE 252 AA; 29698 MW; 2C4ECB9D9C1DEEA8 CRC64;
MGRGKIEIKK IENQTARQVT FSKRRTGLIK KTRELSILCD AHIGLIVFSA TGKLSEFCSE
QNRMPQLIDR YLHTNGLRLP DHHDDQEQLH HEMELLRRET CNLELRLRPF HGHDLASIPP
NELDGLERQL EHSVLKVRER KNELMQQQLE NLSRKRRMLE EDNNNMYRWL HEHRAAMEFQ
QAGIDTKPGE YQQFIEQLQC YKPGEYQQFL EQQQQQPNSV LQLATLPSEI DPTYNLQLAQ
PNLQNDPTAQ ND
