ID   TX11A_MYRGU             Reviewed;          86 AA.
AC   P0DSJ4;
DT   08-MAY-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   08-MAY-2019, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 8.
DE   RecName: Full=U-myrmeciitoxin(01)-Mg1a {ECO:0000305};
DE            Short=MIITX(01)-Mg1a {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30214940};
DE            Short=U-MIITX(01)-Mg1a {ECO:0000305};
DE   Flags: Precursor;
OS   Myrmecia gulosa (Red bulldog ant).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC   Neoptera; Endopterygota; Hymenoptera; Apocrita; Aculeata; Formicoidea;
OC   Formicidae; Myrmeciinae; Myrmeciini; Myrmecia.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=36170;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AMIDATION AT
RP   LEU-85, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, SYNTHESIS, AND BIOASSAY.
RC   TISSUE=Venom, and Venom gland;
RX   PubMed=30214940; DOI=10.1126/sciadv.aau4640;
RA   Robinson S.D., Mueller A., Clayton D., Starobova H., Hamilton B.R.,
RA   Payne R.J., Vetter I., King G.F., Undheim E.A.B.;
RT   "A comprehensive portrait of the venom of the giant red bull ant, Myrmecia
RT   gulosa, reveals a hyperdiverse hymenopteran toxin gene family.";
RL   Sci. Adv. 4:EAAU4640-EAAU4640(2018).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Toxin that may interact with target cell membranes, producing
CC       a concentration-dependent leak in ion conductance, possibly via
CC       multimeric pore formation (Probable). It produces an immediate sharp
CC       increase of calcium concentration in all DRG neurons (PubMed:30214940).
CC       This influx in calcium stabilizes without resulting in any observable
CC       dye leakage, showing that the effect is not simply cytolytic
CC       (PubMed:30214940). This toxin may be one of the major contributors to
CC       the pain associated with envenomation (PubMed:30214940). The toxin also
CC       displays a weak cytotoxicity (on HEK cells) and some antimicrobial
CC       activity (MIC=2.5 uM on C.neoformans (var. grubii), MIC=10.2 uM on
CC       S.aureus), but is not hemolytic to human erythtrocytes
CC       (PubMed:30214940). In vivo, intraplantar injection into mice causes
CC       spontaneous nocifensive behavior (licking, flinching, or shaking of the
CC       paw), which lasts 5-7 minutes (10 and 100 uM tested). Mechanical and
CC       heat hypoalgesia are observed at 20 and 25 minutes after injection
CC       (highest dose tested of 100 uM) (PubMed:30214940). In vivo, injection
CC       into crickets (A.domesticus) causes an immediate, dose-dependent,
CC       reversible and nonlethal incapacitation that lasts about 53 minutes at
CC       the highest dose tested (60 ug/g) (PubMed:30214940).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940}. Target
CC       cell membrane {ECO:0000305|PubMed:30214940}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland (PubMed:30214940).
CC       This toxin is detected along the entire venom gland, as well as in the
CC       venom reservoir, the venom duct and in the venom. No toxin are detected
CC       in the Dufour's gland (PubMed:30214940). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940}.
CC   -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=3144.85; Method=MALDI;
CC       Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940};
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Does not act directly on human Nav1.7/SCN9A voltage-
CC       gated sodium channels. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the formicidae venom precursor-01 superfamily.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=National Center for Biotechnology Information
CC       (NCBI);
CC       URL="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/GGFG01000001";
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P0DSJ4; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0019835; P:cytolysis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Amidation; Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Cytolysis; Membrane; Secreted;
KW   Signal; Target cell membrane; Target membrane; Toxin.
FT   SIGNAL          1..26
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   PROPEP          27..52
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:30214940"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000447064"
FT   CHAIN           53..85
FT                   /note="U-myrmeciitoxin(01)-Mg1a"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000447065"
FT   MOD_RES         85
FT                   /note="Leucine amide"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30214940"
SQ   SEQUENCE   86 AA;  8590 MW;  FF6507F44F64965B CRC64;
     MKLLYLLLTL AIIFVLTIVH APNVEAKALA DPESDAVGFA DAFGDADAEA TGGLGRLIGK
     IAKKGAKIAA EAAANAAAEK AAEALG