ID   CAL_BRAOT               Reviewed;         251 AA.
AC   Q39375;
DT   16-MAY-2012, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-NOV-1996, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 95.
DE   RecName: Full=Transcription factor CAULIFLOWER;
DE            Short=BoCAL;
DE            Short=BoiCAL;
DE   AltName: Full=Agamous-like MADS-box protein CAL;
GN   Name=CAL; Synonyms=CAL1;
OS   Brassica oleracea var. italica (Broccoli).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC   rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Brassiceae; Brassica.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=36774;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC   TISSUE=Flower meristem;
RX   PubMed=7824951; DOI=10.1126/science.7824951;
RA   Kempin S.A., Savidge B., Yanofsky M.F.;
RT   "Molecular basis of the cauliflower phenotype in Arabidopsis.";
RL   Science 267:522-525(1995).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC   TISSUE=Flower;
RX   PubMed=9084216; DOI=10.1007/bf01007702;
RA   Carr S.M., Irish V.F.;
RT   "Floral homeotic gene expression defines developmental arrest stages in
RT   Brassica oleracea L. vars. botrytis and italica.";
RL   Planta 201:179-188(1997).
RN   [3]
RP   REVIEW, AND GENE FAMILY.
RX   PubMed=10835404; DOI=10.1093/genetics/155.2.855;
RA   Purugganan M.D., Boyles A.L., Suddith J.I.;
RT   "Variation and selection at the CAULIFLOWER floral homeotic gene
RT   accompanying the evolution of domesticated Brassica oleracea.";
RL   Genetics 155:855-862(2000).
RN   [4]
RP   DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX   PubMed=18332227; DOI=10.1093/jxb/erm327;
RA   Duclos D.V., Bjoerkman T.;
RT   "Meristem identity gene expression during curd proliferation and flower
RT   initiation in Brassica oleracea.";
RL   J. Exp. Bot. 59:421-433(2008).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor that promotes early floral
CC       meristem identity in synergy with APETALA1, FRUITFULL and LEAFY. Is
CC       required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem
CC       into a floral meristem. Seems to be partially redundant to the function
CC       of APETALA1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer capable of binding to CArG-box sequences.
CC       {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in some of the meristems of arrest-stage
CC       broccoli heads. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9084216}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Accumulates in early floral primordia and fades
CC       out in cells that will give rise to stamens and carpels.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18332227, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7824951}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: CAULIFLOWER may contribute to the shape of the floral
CC       meristem. This trait has likely been selected by early farmers during
CC       the domestication of modified inflorescence structures.
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DR   EMBL; L36926; AAA64790.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; U67454; AAB08878.1; -; mRNA.
DR   PIR; T14456; T14456.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q39375; -.
DR   SMR; Q39375; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0000977; F:RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0009908; P:flower development; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:InterPro.
DR   CDD; cd00265; MADS_MEF2_like; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.1810.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR033896; MADS_MEF2-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR002487; TF_Kbox.
DR   InterPro; IPR002100; TF_MADSbox.
DR   InterPro; IPR036879; TF_MADSbox_sf.
DR   Pfam; PF01486; K-box; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00319; SRF-TF; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00404; MADSDOMAIN.
DR   SMART; SM00432; MADS; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF55455; SSF55455; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51297; K_BOX; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00350; MADS_BOX_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50066; MADS_BOX_2; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Activator; Coiled coil; Developmental protein; Differentiation;
KW   DNA-binding; Flowering; Nucleus; Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT   CHAIN           1..251
FT                   /note="Transcription factor CAULIFLOWER"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000417144"
FT   DOMAIN          1..61
FT                   /note="MADS-box"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251"
FT   DOMAIN          90..180
FT                   /note="K-box"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00629"
FT   REGION          183..207
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        184..207
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ   SEQUENCE   251 AA;  29524 MW;  1E940476BC1E4032 CRC64;
     MGRGRVEMKR IENKINRQVT FSKRRAGLLK KAHEISILCD AEVSLIVFSH KGKLFEYSSE
     SCMEKVLEHY ERYSYAEKQL KVPDSHVNAQ TNWSVEYSRL KAKIELLERN QRHYLGEDLE
     SISIKELQNL EQQLDTSLKH IRSRKNQLMH ESLNHLQRKE KEILEENSML AKQIRERESI
     LRTHQNQSEQ QNRSHHVAPQ PQPQLNPYMA SSPFLNMGGM YQGEYPTAVR RNRLDLTLEP
     IYNCNLGYFA A