ID   WTX1A_NEOCU             Reviewed;          23 AA.
AC   P0DV15;
DT   23-FEB-2022, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-FEB-2022, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 3.
DE   RecName: Full=M-poneritoxin-Nc1a {ECO:0000303|PubMed:34302796};
DE            Short=M-PONTX-Nc1a {ECO:0000303|PubMed:34302796};
DE   AltName: Full=Poneratoxin {ECO:0000305};
DE   AltName: Full=Ponericin Nc1a {ECO:0000303|PubMed:34302796};
OS   Neoponera commutata (Large hunting ant) (Pachycondyla commutata).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC   Neoptera; Endopterygota; Hymenoptera; Apocrita; Aculeata; Formicoidea;
OC   Formicidae; Ponerinae; Ponerini; Pachycondyla.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=613619;
RN   [1]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SYNTHESIS, TOXIC
RP   DOSE, AND BIOASSAY.
RC   TISSUE=Venom;
RX   PubMed=34302796; DOI=10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114693;
RA   Nixon S.A., Robinson S.D., Agwa A.J., Walker A.A., Choudhary S.,
RA   Touchard A., Undheim E.A.B., Robertson A., Vetter I., Schroeder C.I.,
RA   Kotze A.C., Herzig V., King G.F.;
RT   "Multipurpose peptides: the venoms of Amazonian stinging ants contain
RT   anthelmintic ponericins with diverse predatory and defensive activities.";
RL   Biochem. Pharmacol. 192:114693-114693(2021).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Membrane-perturbating peptide with multiple activities
CC       (PubMed:34302796). It is insecticidal, since it induces contractile
CC       paralysis in insects (L.cuprina) during several hours, and death after
CC       24 hours (PubMed:34302796). It shows antibacterial activity with higher
CC       activity against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria
CC       (PubMed:34302796). It is also antiparasitic, since it potently inhibits
CC       the larval development of the major pathogenic nematode of ruminants
CC       (H.contortus, IC(50)=5.1 uM), but fails to reduce the motility of adult
CC       males of the other nematode B.malayi (PubMed:34302796). It also shows
CC       cytotoxic activity against HEK293 cells (EC(50)=12-14 uM) and induces
CC       hemolysis in human erythrocytes (EC(50)=28.6-48.2 uM)
CC       (PubMed:34302796). In addition, it causes an important increase in
CC       intracellular calcium concentration on neuronal and epithelial cell
CC       lines, which supports a non-specific membrane perturbation mechanism of
CC       action (PubMed:34302796). In vivo, it induces pain by intraplantar
CC       injection into mice, suggesting a defensive function against vertebrate
CC       predators (PubMed:34302796). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:34302796}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:34302796}. Target
CC       cell membrane {ECO:0000305|PubMed:34302796}. Note=Adopts an alpha-
CC       helical conformation in membrane-mimetic environments.
CC       {ECO:0000305|PubMed:34302796}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland.
CC       {ECO:0000305|PubMed:34302796}.
CC   -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=2478.0; Method=MALDI; Note=Monoisotopic mass.;
CC       Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:34302796};
CC   -!- TOXIC DOSE: PD(50) is 31.4 nmol/g 1 hour after injection into
CC       L.cuprina. LD(50) is 32.6 nmol/g 24 hours after injection into
CC       L.cuprina. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:34302796}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP)
CC       superfamily. Medium-length antimicrobial peptide (group 3) family.
CC       Ponericin-W subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0098542; P:defense response to other organism; IEA:InterPro.
DR   InterPro; IPR012523; Antimicrobial_4.
DR   Pfam; PF08024; Antimicrobial_4; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Direct protein sequencing; Membrane; Secreted; Target cell membrane;
KW   Target membrane.
FT   PEPTIDE         1..23
FT                   /note="M-poneritoxin-Nc1a"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:34302796"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000454516"
SQ   SEQUENCE   23 AA;  2480 MW;  32B008F59FB73C23 CRC64;
     FWGAAAKMLG KALPGLISMF QKN