WUS_ARATH
ID WUS_ARATH Reviewed; 292 AA.
AC Q9SB92; Q9SL51;
DT 15-MAR-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-MAR-2005, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 149.
DE RecName: Full=Protein WUSCHEL;
DE Short=AtWUS;
DE AltName: Full=Plant growth activator 6;
GN Name=WUS; Synonyms=PGA6; OrderedLocusNames=At2g17950; ORFNames=T27K22.18;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF PRO-41.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta; TISSUE=Flower;
RX PubMed=9865698; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81703-1;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schoof H., Haecker A., Lenhard M., Juergens G., Laux T.;
RT "Role of WUSCHEL in regulating stem cell fate in the Arabidopsis shoot
RT meristem.";
RL Cell 95:805-815(1998).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617197; DOI=10.1038/45471;
RA Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D.,
RA Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V.,
RA Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S.,
RA Cronin L.A., Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J.,
RA Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M.,
RA Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O.,
RA Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:761-768(1999).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA Feldmann K.A.;
RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=10761929; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80700-x;
RA Schoof H., Lenhard M., Haecker A., Mayer K.F.X., Juergens G., Laux T.;
RT "The stem cell population of Arabidopsis shoot meristems in maintained by a
RT regulatory loop between the CLAVATA and WUSCHEL genes.";
RL Cell 100:635-644(2000).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, DNA-BINDING, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11440721; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00384-1;
RA Lohmann J.U., Hong R.L., Hobe M., Busch M.A., Parcy F., Simon R.,
RA Weigel D.;
RT "A molecular link between stem cell regulation and floral patterning in
RT Arabidopsis.";
RL Cell 105:793-803(2001).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11440722; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00390-7;
RA Lenhard M., Bohnert A., Juergens G., Laux T.;
RT "Termination of stem cell maintenance in Arabidopsis floral meristems by
RT interactions between WUSCHEL and AGAMOUS.";
RL Cell 105:805-814(2001).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12070094; DOI=10.1242/dev.129.13.3195;
RA Lenhard M., Juergens G., Laux T.;
RT "The WUSCHEL and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS genes fulfil complementary roles in
RT Arabidopsis shoot meristem regulation.";
RL Development 129:3195-3206(2002).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12070095; DOI=10.1242/dev.129.13.3207;
RA Gallois J.-L., Woodward C., Reddy G.V., Sablowski R.;
RT "Combined SHOOT MERISTEMLESS and WUSCHEL trigger ectopic organogenesis in
RT Arabidopsis.";
RL Development 129:3207-3217(2002).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=12000795; DOI=10.1101/gad.225202;
RA Gross-Hardt R., Lenhard M., Laux T.;
RT "WUSCHEL signaling functions in interregional communication during
RT Arabidopsis ovule development.";
RL Genes Dev. 16:1129-1138(2002).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12000682; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.2002.01289.x;
RA Zuo J., Niu Q.-W., Frugis G., Chua N.-H.;
RT "The WUSCHEL gene promotes vegetative-to-embryonic transition in
RT Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant J. 30:349-359(2002).
RN [12]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12068101; DOI=10.1104/pp.001867;
RA Brand U., Gruenewald M., Hobe M., Simon R.;
RT "Regulation of CLV3 expression by two homeobox genes in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Physiol. 129:565-575(2002).
RN [13]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15004006; DOI=10.1101/gad.291204;
RA Gallois J.-L., Nora F.R., Mizukami Y., Sablowski R.;
RT "WUSCHEL induces shoot stem cell activity and developmental plasticity in
RT the root meristem.";
RL Genes Dev. 18:375-380(2004).
RN [14]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=15342527; DOI=10.1534/genetics.104.028787;
RA Carles C.C., Lertpiriyapong K., Reville K., Fletcher J.C.;
RT "The ULTRAPETALA1 gene functions early in Arabidopsis development to
RT restrict shoot apical meristem activity and acts through WUSCHEL to
RT regulate floral meristem determinacy.";
RL Genetics 167:1893-1903(2004).
RN [15]
RP INTERACTION WITH TPL AND TPR4.
RX PubMed=16461579; DOI=10.1105/tpc.105.039107;
RA Kieffer M., Stern Y., Cook H., Clerici E., Maulbetsch C., Laux T.,
RA Davies B.;
RT "Analysis of the transcription factor WUSCHEL and its functional homologue
RT in Antirrhinum reveals a potential mechanism for their roles in meristem
RT maintenance.";
RL Plant Cell 18:560-573(2006).
RN [16]
RP INTERACTION WITH BZIP30.
RX PubMed=27402171; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13264;
RA Lozano-Sotomayor P., Chavez Montes R.A., Silvestre-Vano M.,
RA Herrera-Ubaldo H., Greco R., Pablo-Villa J., Galliani B.M.,
RA Diaz-Ramirez D., Weemen M., Boutilier K., Pereira A., Colombo L.,
RA Madueno F., Marsch-Martinez N., de Folter S.;
RT "Altered expression of the bZIP transcription factor DRINK ME affects
RT growth and reproductive development in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant J. 88:437-451(2016).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor that plays a central role during early
CC embryogenesis, oogenesis and flowering, probably by regulating
CC expression of specific genes. Required to specify stem cell identity in
CC meristems, such as shoot apical meristem (SAM). May induce shoot stem
CC cells activity in order to maintain the stem cell identity. Involved in
CC the developmental root meristem. In shoot apices, it is sufficient to
CC induce the expression of CLV3, a putative ligand of the CLV signaling
CC pathway. Also required to sustain organogenesis in the floral meristem
CC by contributing to the expression of its own repressor, the AGAMOUS
CC (AG) gene at the end of flower development. Binds directly to the 5'-
CC TTAAT[GC][GC]-3' DNA sequence in the regulatory sequence of AG and
CC activates its expression directly. Regulates one important step in
CC ovule development to induce integument formation from the underlying
CC chalazal domain. Participates in the promotion of vegetative to
CC embryonic transition. Required to repress LEC1 expression.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10761929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11440721,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11440722, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12000682,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12000795, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12068101,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12070094, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12070095,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15004006, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865698}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with TPL and TPR4. Interacts with BZIP30
CC (PubMed:27402171). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16461579,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27402171}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC Q9SB92; O80748: B-box domain protein 26; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2119269, EBI-15191535;
CC Q9SB92; Q9LQF0: TCP23; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2119269, EBI-15192297;
CC Q9SB92; Q8LPR5: TCP4; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2119269, EBI-15192325;
CC Q9SB92; Q94AI7: TPL; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2119269, EBI-2119299;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865698}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In the active shoot meristem, it is specifically
CC expressed in a small cell group underneath the presume position of stem
CC cells. Also expressed in the floral meristem. Expressed in the nucellus
CC of ovule primordia. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12000795,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865698}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed from 16 cell embryo stage, long before
CC shoot meristem is evident, and gradually become restricted to the
CC center of shoot meristem primordium. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865698}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Repressed by the CLV (CLV1, CLV2 and CLV3) proteins,
CC possibly to rapidly down-regulate WUS expression in apical daughter
CC cells after cell divisions, suggesting the existence of a feedback
CC loop. Repressed by AG at the end of floral development. Down-regulated
CC by ULT1, probably to establish floral meristem determinacy.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10761929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11440721,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11440722, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15342527}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WUS homeobox family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; AJ012310; CAA09986.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AC006201; AAD20131.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002685; AEC06704.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY086385; AAM64452.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; D84558; D84558.
DR PIR; T00829; T00829.
DR RefSeq; NP_565429.1; NM_127349.4.
DR PDB; 6RY3; X-ray; 1.37 A; A=34-103.
DR PDB; 6RYD; X-ray; 1.57 A; A/B/E/F=34-103.
DR PDB; 6RYI; X-ray; 2.69 A; A/B/C/D/E=34-103.
DR PDB; 6RYL; X-ray; 2.63 A; A/B/C/D/E=34-103.
DR PDBsum; 6RY3; -.
DR PDBsum; 6RYD; -.
DR PDBsum; 6RYI; -.
DR PDBsum; 6RYL; -.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9SB92; -.
DR SMR; Q9SB92; -.
DR BioGRID; 1662; 33.
DR IntAct; Q9SB92; 26.
DR STRING; 3702.AT2G17950.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9SB92; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9SB92; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 242507; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT2G17950.1; AT2G17950.1; AT2G17950.
DR GeneID; 816305; -.
DR Gramene; AT2G17950.1; AT2G17950.1; AT2G17950.
DR KEGG; ath:AT2G17950; -.
DR Araport; AT2G17950; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2060902; AT2G17950.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QRYV; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_1024520_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9SB92; -.
DR OMA; MANDHYH; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1155487at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9SB92; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9SB92; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 2.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9SB92; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9SB92; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000976; F:transcription cis-regulatory region binding; IPI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0048653; P:anther development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0090506; P:axillary shoot meristem initiation; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; TAS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0019827; P:stem cell population maintenance; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0080166; P:stomium development; IMP:TAIR.
DR CDD; cd00086; homeodomain; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009057; Homeobox-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR001356; Homeobox_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR044555; WUSCHEL-like.
DR PANTHER; PTHR45940; PTHR45940; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00046; Homeodomain; 1.
DR SMART; SM00389; HOX; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF46689; SSF46689; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Activator; Developmental protein; Differentiation;
KW DNA-binding; Flowering; Homeobox; Nucleus; Oogenesis; Reference proteome;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..292
FT /note="Protein WUSCHEL"
FT /id="PRO_0000049383"
FT DNA_BIND 34..99
FT /note="Homeobox; WUS-type"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108"
FT REGION 1..40
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1..15
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 16..40
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MUTAGEN 41
FT /note="P->L: In wus-3; weak allele in which meristem stem
FT cells are misspecified and appear to undergo
FT differentiation."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9865698"
FT CONFLICT 19
FT /note="Missing (in Ref. 1; CAA09986)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 239
FT /note="E -> D (in Ref. 1; CAA09986)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT HELIX 43..55
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6RY3"
FT HELIX 63..73
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6RY3"
FT HELIX 74..76
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6RY3"
FT HELIX 81..98
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6RY3"
SQ SEQUENCE 292 AA; 33190 MW; 9F234B09118A7920 CRC64;
MEPPQHQHHH HQADQESGNN NNNKSGSGGY TCRQTSTRWT PTTEQIKILK ELYYNNAIRS
PTADQIQKIT ARLRQFGKIE GKNVFYWFQN HKARERQKKR FNGTNMTTPS SSPNSVMMAA
NDHYHPLLHH HHGVPMQRPA NSVNVKLNQD HHLYHHNKPY PSFNNGNLNH ASSGTECGVV
NASNGYMSSH VYGSMEQDCS MNYNNVGGGW ANMDHHYSSA PYNFFDRAKP LFGLEGHQEE
EECGGDAYLE HRRTLPLFPM HGEDHINGGS GAIWKYGQSE VRPCASLELR LN
