CARS_ARTAN
ID CARS_ARTAN Reviewed; 548 AA.
AC Q8SA63;
DT 27-JUL-2011, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUN-2002, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 72.
DE RecName: Full=Beta-caryophyllene synthase;
DE EC=4.2.3.57;
GN Name=QHS1;
OS Artemisia annua (Sweet wormwood).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC asterids; campanulids; Asterales; Asteraceae; Asteroideae; Anthemideae;
OC Artemisiinae; Artemisia.
OX NCBI_TaxID=35608;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY,
RP BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, SUBUNIT, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL
RP STAGE, AND INDUCTION BY WOUNDING AND ELICITORS.
RX PubMed=12409018; DOI=10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00265-0;
RA Cai Y., Jia J.W., Crock J., Lin Z.X., Chen X.Y., Croteau R.;
RT "A cDNA clone for beta-caryophyllene synthase from Artemisia annua.";
RL Phytochemistry 61:523-529(2002).
RN [2]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=21388533; DOI=10.1186/1471-2229-11-45;
RA Olofsson L., Engstroem A., Lundgren A., Brodelius P.E.;
RT "Relative expression of genes of terpene metabolism in different tissues of
RT Artemisia annua L.";
RL BMC Plant Biol. 11:45-45(2011).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Sesquiterpene synthase involved in the biosynthesis of beta-
CC caryophyllene, a sesquiterpene with anti-inflammatory and anti-
CC carcinogenic activities. Can use farnesyl diphosphate and (+)-
CC chrysanthemyl diphosphate as substrates, but not geranylgeranyl
CC diphosphate. Produces two irregular monoterpenes, yomogi alcohol and
CC artemisia alcohol from (+)-chrysanthemyl diphosphate. Limited activity
CC with geranyl diphosphate, leading to the production of limonene,
CC terpinolene, beta-pinene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpinene and other
CC minor products. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate = (-)-(E)-beta-caryophyllene +
CC diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:28294, ChEBI:CHEBI:10357,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:175763; EC=4.2.3.57;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Evidence={ECO:0000250};
CC Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035; Evidence={ECO:0000250};
CC Note=Binds 3 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions per subunit. {ECO:0000250};
CC -!- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
CC Kinetic parameters:
CC KM=1.8 uM for (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018};
CC pH dependence:
CC Optimum pH is 7.7. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018};
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in stem epidermis, cortex and
CC stele. Detected in leaves, petioles and inflorescences, but not in
CC roots. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21388533}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expression decreases with the age of the
CC seedlings. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated by wounding and by elicitor treatment.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12409018}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The Asp-Asp-Xaa-Xaa-Asp/Glu (DDXXD/E) motif is important for
CC the catalytic activity, presumably through binding to Mg(2+).
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family. Tpsa subfamily.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF472361; AAL79181.1; -; mRNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8SA63; -.
DR SMR; Q8SA63; -.
DR KEGG; ag:AAL79181; -.
DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:MON-14912; -.
DR BRENDA; 4.2.3.57; 7150.
DR GO; GO:0080016; F:(-)-E-beta-caryophyllene synthase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000287; F:magnesium ion binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0016102; P:diterpenoid biosynthetic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0051762; P:sesquiterpene biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR CDD; cd00684; Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.600.10; -; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.50.10.130; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR008949; Isoprenoid_synthase_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR034741; Terpene_cyclase-like_1_C.
DR InterPro; IPR044814; Terpene_cyclase_plant_C1.
DR InterPro; IPR001906; Terpene_synth_N.
DR InterPro; IPR036965; Terpene_synth_N_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR005630; Terpene_synthase_metal-bd.
DR InterPro; IPR008930; Terpenoid_cyclase/PrenylTrfase.
DR Pfam; PF01397; Terpene_synth; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03936; Terpene_synth_C; 1.
DR SFLD; SFLDG01019; Terpene_Cyclase_Like_1_C_Termi; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF48239; SSF48239; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF48576; SSF48576; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Lyase; Magnesium; Manganese; Metal-binding.
FT CHAIN 1..548
FT /note="Beta-caryophyllene synthase"
FT /id="PRO_0000412110"
FT MOTIF 301..305
FT /note="DDXXD motif"
FT BINDING 301
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 301
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 305
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 305
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 445
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 449
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
FT BINDING 453
FT /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT /ligand_label="3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q40577"
SQ SEQUENCE 548 AA; 63737 MW; 40B8E69751FF6654 CRC64;
MSVKEEKVIR PIVHFPPSVW ADQFLIFDDK QAEQANVEQV VNELREDVRK DLVSSLDVQT
EHTNLLKLID AIQRLGIAYH FEEEIEQALQ HIYDTYGDDW KGRSPSLWFR ILRQQGFYVS
CDIFKNYKKE DGSFKESLTN DVEGLLELYE ATYLRVQGEG VLDDALVFTR TCLEKIAKDL
VHTNPTLSTY IQEALKQPLH KRLTRLEALR YIPMYEQQAS HNESLLKLAK LGFNLLQSLH
RKELSEVSRW WKGLDVPNNL PYARDRMVEC YFWALGVYFE PKYSQARIFL AKVISLATVL
DDTYDAYGTY EELKIFTEAI QRWSITCIDM LPEYLKLLYQ GVLDIYIEME EIMGKEGKAH
HLSYAKESMK EFIRSYMMEA KWANEGYVPT AEEHMSVAFV SSGYSMLATT CFVGMGDIVT
DEAFKWALTK PPIIKASCAI ARLMDDIHSQ KEEKERIHVA SSVESYMKQY DVTEEHVLKV
FNKKIEDAWK DITRESLVRK DIPMPLMMRV INLAQVMDVL YKHKDGFTNV GEELKDHIKS
LLVHPIPI
