CD24_HUMAN
ID CD24_HUMAN Reviewed; 80 AA.
AC P25063; A0A087WYI6; B6EC88; Q16257; Q53XS0; R4I4T5;
DT 01-MAY-1992, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 28-MAR-2018, sequence version 3.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 177.
DE RecName: Full=Signal transducer CD24;
DE AltName: Full=Small cell lung carcinoma cluster 4 antigen;
DE AltName: CD_antigen=CD24;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=CD24; Synonyms=CD24A;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RX PubMed=1831224;
RA Kay R., Rosten P.M., Humphries R.K.;
RT "CD24, a signal transducer modulating B cell activation responses, is a
RT very short peptide with a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor.";
RL J. Immunol. 147:1412-1416(1991).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT VAL-57.
RX PubMed=1327504;
RA Jackson D., Waibel R., Weber E., Bell J., Stahel R.A.;
RT "CD24, a signal-transducing molecule expressed on human B cells, is a major
RT surface antigen on small cell lung carcinomas.";
RL Cancer Res. 52:5264-5270(1992).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=17411341; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.0030049;
RA Wang L., Lin S., Rammohan K.W., Liu Z., Liu J.Q., Liu R.H., Guinther N.,
RA Lima J., Zhou Q., Wang T., Zheng X., Birmingham D.J., Rovin B.H.,
RA Hebert L.A., Wu Y., Lynn D.J., Cooke G., Yu C.Y., Zheng P., Liu Y.;
RT "A dinucleotide deletion in CD24 confers protection against autoimmune
RT diseases.";
RL PLoS Genet. 3:E49-E49(2007).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=26444008; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0139112;
RA Kwon M.J., Han J., Seo J.H., Song K., Jeong H.M., Choi J.S., Kim Y.J.,
RA Lee S.H., Choi Y.L., Shin Y.K.;
RT "CD24 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in luminal a and
RT triple-negative breast cancer.";
RL PLoS ONE 10:E0139112-E0139112(2015).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RA Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S.,
RA Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y.,
RA Phelan M., Farmer A.;
RT "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector.";
RL Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=14574404; DOI=10.1038/nature02055;
RA Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L.,
RA Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R.,
RA Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D.,
RA Andrews T.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J.,
RA Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beare D.M., Beasley H.,
RA Beasley O., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bray-Allen S., Brook J., Brown A.J.,
RA Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P.,
RA Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clark G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V.,
RA Collier R.E., Collins J.E., Colman L.K., Corby N.R., Coville G.J.,
RA Culley K.M., Dhami P., Davies J., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.E.,
RA Evans K.A., Faulkner L., Francis M.D., Frankish A., Frankland J.,
RA French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori M.J., Gilby L.M., Gillson C.J.,
RA Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Grant M., Gribble S., Griffiths C.,
RA Griffiths M.N.D., Hall R., Halls K.S., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A.,
RA Heath P.D., Heathcott R., Holmes S.J., Howden P.J., Howe K.L., Howell G.R.,
RA Huckle E., Humphray S.J., Humphries M.D., Hunt A.R., Johnson C.M.,
RA Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S.J., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K.,
RA Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C.R.,
RA Lloyd D.M., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M.,
RA Maslen G.L., Matthews L., McCann O.T., McLaren S.J., McLay K., McMurray A.,
RA Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Niblett D., Nickerson T., Novik K.L.,
RA Oliver K., Overton-Larty E.K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I.,
RA Phillimore B.J.C.T., Phillips S., Plumb R.W., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y.,
RA Ranby S.A., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Searle S.M., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E.,
RA Skuce C.D., Smith S., Smith M., Spraggon L., Squares S.L., Steward C.A.,
RA Sycamore N., Tamlyn-Hall G., Tester J., Theaker A.J., Thomas D.W.,
RA Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M.,
RA West A.P., White S.S., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker H., Wild A., Willey D.J.,
RA Wilmer T.E., Wood J.M., Wray P.W., Wyatt J.C., Young L., Younger R.M.,
RA Bentley D.R., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Dunham I.,
RA Rogers J., Beck S.;
RT "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.";
RL Nature 425:805-811(2003).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
RX PubMed=16344560; DOI=10.1101/gr.4039406;
RA Kimura K., Wakamatsu A., Suzuki Y., Ota T., Nishikawa T., Yamashita R.,
RA Yamamoto J., Sekine M., Tsuritani K., Wakaguri H., Ishii S., Sugiyama T.,
RA Saito K., Isono Y., Irie R., Kushida N., Yoneyama T., Otsuka R., Kanda K.,
RA Yokoi T., Kondo H., Wagatsuma M., Murakawa K., Ishida S., Ishibashi T.,
RA Takahashi-Fujii A., Tanase T., Nagai K., Kikuchi H., Nakai K., Isogai T.,
RA Sugano S.;
RT "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification
RT and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.";
RL Genome Res. 16:55-65(2006).
RN [8]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RC TISSUE=Ovary;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [9]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 5-76, AND VARIANT THR-44.
RX PubMed=7959762; DOI=10.1006/geno.1994.1356;
RA Hough M.R., Rosten P.M., Sexton T.L., Kay R., Humphries R.K.;
RT "Mapping of CD24 and homologous sequences to multiple chromosomal loci.";
RL Genomics 22:154-161(1994).
RN [10]
RP INTERACTION WITH LYN AND FGR, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=8753773; DOI=10.1006/bbrc.1996.1184;
RA Zarn J.A., Zimmermann S.M., Pass M.K., Waibel R., Stahel R.A.;
RT "Association of CD24 with the kinase c-fgr in a small cell lung cancer cell
RT line and with the kinase lyn in an erythroleukemia cell line.";
RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225:384-391(1996).
RN [11]
RP INTERACTION WITH LYN, AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=11313396; DOI=10.4049/jimmunol.166.9.5567;
RA Suzuki T., Kiyokawa N., Taguchi T., Sekino T., Katagiri Y.U., Fujimoto J.;
RT "CD24 induces apoptosis in human B cells via the glycolipid-enriched
RT membrane domains/rafts-mediated signaling system.";
RL J. Immunol. 166:5567-5577(2001).
RN [12]
RP VARIANT VAL-57, AND IDENTIFICATION.
RX PubMed=7736776; DOI=10.1159/000134075;
RA Zarn J.A., Jackson D.G., Bell M.V., Jones T., Weber E., Sheer D.,
RA Waibel R., Stahel R.A.;
RT "The small cell lung cancer antigen cluster-4 and the leukocyte antigen
RT CD24 are allelic isoforms of the same gene (CD24) on chromosome band
RT 6q21.";
RL Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 70:119-125(1995).
RN [13]
RP VARIANT VAL-57, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INVOLVEMENT IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
RP MS.
RX PubMed=14657362; DOI=10.1073/pnas.2533866100;
RA Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F.,
RA Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y.;
RT "CD24 is a genetic modifier for risk and progression of multiple
RT sclerosis.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15041-15046(2003).
RN [14]
RP ERRATUM OF PUBMED:14657362.
RA Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F.,
RA Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y.;
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:8392-8392(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: May have a pivotal role in cell differentiation of different
CC cell types. Signaling could be triggered by the binding of a lectin-
CC like ligand to the CD24 carbohydrates, and transduced by the release of
CC second messengers derived from the GPI-anchor. Modulates B-cell
CC activation responses. Promotes AG-dependent proliferation of B-cells,
CC and prevents their terminal differentiation into antibody-forming cells
CC (PubMed:11313396). In association with SIGLEC10 may be involved in the
CC selective suppression of the immune response to danger-associated
CC molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as HMGB1, HSP70 and HSP90. Plays a role
CC in the control of autoimmunity (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24807, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11313396}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with LYN and FGR in a cell-type specific manner.
CC Binds FRG in a small cell cancer line, LYN in the erythroleukemia cell
CC line K-562 and in Burkitt's lymphoma. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11313396,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8753773}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P25063; P07948: LYN; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-6267018, EBI-79452;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=P25063-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=2;
CC IsoId=P25063-2; Sequence=VSP_059359;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: B-cells. Expressed in a number of B-cell lines
CC including P32/ISH and Namalwa. Expressed in erythroleukemia cell and
CC small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Also expressed on the surface of
CC T-cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657362, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8753773}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression is lost when primary B-cells are induced to
CC differentiate in antibody-forming cells.
CC -!- PTM: Extensively O-glycosylated.
CC -!- DISEASE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) [MIM:126200]: A multifactorial,
CC inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
CC Sclerotic lesions are characterized by perivascular infiltration of
CC monocytes and lymphocytes and appear as indurated areas in pathologic
CC specimens (sclerosis in plaques). The pathological mechanism is
CC regarded as an autoimmune attack of the myelin sheath, mediated by both
CC cellular and humoral immunity. Clinical manifestations include visual
CC loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation,
CC weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia and bladder dysfunction.
CC Genetic and environmental factors influence susceptibility to the
CC disease. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657362}. Note=Disease susceptibility may
CC be associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this
CC entry.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CD24 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; M58664; AAA35665.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; L33930; AAB58807.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; X69397; CAA49195.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; FJ226006; ACI46150.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; JN036721; AFJ05147.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT007404; AAP36068.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; FP885534; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; DA518957; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC064619; AAH64619.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; S75311; AAD14170.1; -; mRNA.
DR CCDS; CCDS75499.1; -. [P25063-1]
DR CCDS; CCDS78166.1; -. [P25063-2]
DR PIR; I56114; A48996.
DR RefSeq; NP_001278666.1; NM_001291737.1. [P25063-1]
DR RefSeq; NP_001278667.1; NM_001291738.1. [P25063-1]
DR RefSeq; NP_001278668.1; NM_001291739.1. [P25063-2]
DR RefSeq; NP_037362.1; NM_013230.3. [P25063-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; P25063; -.
DR SMR; P25063; -.
DR BioGRID; 107372; 4.
DR IntAct; P25063; 1.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000483985; -.
DR GlyConnect; 1086; 13 N-Linked glycans (1 site).
DR GlyGen; P25063; 3 sites, 13 N-linked glycans (1 site), 1 O-linked glycan (1 site).
DR BioMuta; CD24; -.
DR MassIVE; P25063; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; P25063; -.
DR PRIDE; P25063; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 54249; -.
DR Antibodypedia; 73435; 1105 antibodies from 34 providers.
DR DNASU; 100133941; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000606017.2; ENSP00000475625.1; ENSG00000272398.6. [P25063-1]
DR Ensembl; ENST00000610952.1; ENSP00000483838.1; ENSG00000272398.6. [P25063-1]
DR Ensembl; ENST00000619133.4; ENSP00000483985.1; ENSG00000272398.6. [P25063-1]
DR Ensembl; ENST00000622315.1; ENSP00000481841.1; ENSG00000272398.6. [P25063-2]
DR GeneID; 100133941; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:100133941; -.
DR MANE-Select; ENST00000606017.2; ENSP00000475625.1; NM_001359084.1; NP_001346013.1.
DR UCSC; uc032xhb.2; human.
DR CTD; 100133941; -.
DR DisGeNET; 100133941; -.
DR GeneCards; CD24; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:1645; CD24.
DR HPA; ENSG00000272398; Tissue enhanced (thyroid).
DR MIM; 126200; phenotype.
DR MIM; 600074; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_P25063; -.
DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000272398; -.
DR Orphanet; 802; NON RARE IN EUROPE: Multiple sclerosis.
DR PharmGKB; PA26202; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000272398; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502RVSX; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000018829; -.
DR InParanoid; P25063; -.
DR OMA; PQNTWTA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1577590at2759; -.
DR PathwayCommons; P25063; -.
DR Reactome; R-HSA-373760; L1CAM interactions.
DR SignaLink; P25063; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 100133941; 6 hits in 191 CRISPR screens.
DR ChiTaRS; CD24; human.
DR GeneWiki; CD24; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 100133941; -.
DR Pharos; P25063; Tbio.
DR PRO; PR:P25063; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 6.
DR RNAct; P25063; protein.
DR Bgee; ENSG00000272398; Expressed in renal medulla and 198 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P25063; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0031362; C:anchored component of external side of plasma membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009986; C:cell surface; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0043231; C:intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; IDA:HPA.
DR GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045121; C:membrane raft; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0019901; F:protein kinase binding; IPI:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0030296; F:protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0032597; P:B cell receptor transport into membrane raft; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0001775; P:cell activation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016477; P:cell migration; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0098609; P:cell-cell adhesion; NAS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0032600; P:chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042632; P:cholesterol homeostasis; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0072139; P:glomerular parietal epithelial cell differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0002768; P:immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway; IC:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0097193; P:intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; NAS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0032913; P:negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta3 production; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0072112; P:podocyte differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042104; P:positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007204; P:positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0043406; P:positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:2000768; P:positive regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0001959; P:regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0030856; P:regulation of epithelial cell differentiation; NAS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0043408; P:regulation of MAPK cascade; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042325; P:regulation of phosphorylation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045730; P:respiratory burst; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0043627; P:response to estrogen; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0001666; P:response to hypoxia; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0002237; P:response to molecule of bacterial origin; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031295; P:T cell costimulation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016055; P:Wnt signaling pathway; NAS:UniProtKB.
DR InterPro; IPR028029; CD24.
DR PANTHER; PTHR16676; PTHR16676; 1.
DR Pfam; PF14984; CD24; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative splicing; Cell membrane; Glycoprotein; GPI-anchor; Lipoprotein;
KW Membrane; Reference proteome; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..26
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT PEPTIDE 27..59
FT /note="Signal transducer CD24"
FT /id="PRO_0000020893"
FT PROPEP 60..80
FT /note="Removed in mature form"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT /id="PRO_0000020894"
FT REGION 28..58
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT LIPID 59
FT /note="GPI-anchor amidated glycine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 36
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 52
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..23
FT /note="MGRAMVARLGLGLLLLALLLPTQ -> MVGRFCPESPPGFVRVAATSAVSLD
FT PPSGEPRPGCGYPGPRSAASRVYGCTAPARETGGWAWETLAGAGAKK (in isoform
FT 2)"
FT /id="VSP_059359"
FT VARIANT 44
FT /note="S -> T"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:7959762"
FT /id="VAR_031576"
FT VARIANT 57
FT /note="A -> V (may be associated with an increased risk for
FT multiple sclerosis; homozygous patients express higher
FT levels of CD24 on peripheral blood T-cells than homozygous
FT controls; dbSNP:rs878859113)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1327504,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657362, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7736776"
FT /id="VAR_016156"
FT CONFLICT 12
FT /note="G -> W (in Ref. 9; AAD14170)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 27..28
FT /note="SE -> R (in Ref. 4; AFJ05147)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 80 AA; 8083 MW; DB1988B6808F833F CRC64;
MGRAMVARLG LGLLLLALLL PTQIYSSETT TGTSSNSSQS TSNSGLAPNP TNATTKAAGG
ALQSTASLFV VSLSLLHLYS
