CECA1_DROME
ID CECA1_DROME Reviewed; 63 AA.
AC C0HKQ7; B3DN02; B3DN08; O16815; O16816; O16817; O16818; O16819; O16820;
AC O16821; O61275; O61276; O61277; O61279; O62590; P14954; P82449;
DT 30-AUG-2017, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 30-AUG-2017, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 29.
DE RecName: Full=Cecropin-A1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2104802};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=CecA1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2104802, ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0000276};
GN ORFNames=CG1365 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0000276};
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND INDUCTION.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S;
RX PubMed=2104802; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08098.x;
RA Kylsten P., Samakovlis C., Hultmark D.;
RT "The cecropin locus in Drosophila; a compact gene cluster involved in the
RT response to infection.";
RL EMBO J. 9:217-224(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS PRO-11; GLU-20 AND GLY-61.
RC STRAIN=B115, B137, B205, B222, B226, B316, M13, Z10, Z18, Z22, Z24, and Z5;
RX PubMed=9335607; DOI=10.1093/genetics/147.2.713;
RA Clark A.G., Wang L.;
RT "Molecular population genetics of Drosophila immune system genes.";
RL Genetics 147:713-724(1997).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS VAL-14; VAL-45 AND ASP-56.
RC STRAIN=3RC, MA1, MA2, MA3, MJ1, MJ2, and MJ3;
RX PubMed=9553148; DOI=10.1007/s002510050379;
RA Date A., Satta Y., Takahata N., Chigusa S.I.;
RT "Evolutionary history and mechanism of the Drosophila cecropin gene
RT family.";
RL Immunogenetics 47:417-429(1998).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS ALA-8 AND VAL-45.
RC STRAIN=M11, M2, M26, M36, M40, M47, M54, M55, and M66;
RX PubMed=9725836; DOI=10.1093/genetics/150.1.157;
RA Ramos-Onsins S., Aguade M.;
RT "Molecular evolution of the Cecropin multigene family in Drosophila:
RT functional genes vs pseudogenes.";
RL Genetics 150:157-171(1998).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [6]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, INDUCTION BY BACTERIA, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S;
RX PubMed=2390977; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07489.x;
RA Samakovlis C., Kimbrell D.A., Kylsten P., Engstrom A., Hultmark D.;
RT "The immune response in Drosophila: pattern of cecropin expression and
RT biological activity.";
RL EMBO J. 9:2969-2976(1990).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION BY BACTERIA AND LPS.
RX PubMed=11266367; DOI=10.1093/embo-reports/kve048;
RA Onfelt Tingvall T., Roos E., Engstroem Y.;
RT "The imd gene is required for local Cecropin expression in Drosophila
RT barrier epithelia.";
RL EMBO Rep. 2:239-243(2001).
RN [9]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY BACTERIA, AND
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RC TISSUE=Hemolymph {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16510152};
RX PubMed=16510152; DOI=10.1016/j.jinsphys.2005.12.007;
RA Verleyen P., Baggerman G., D'Hertog W., Vierstraete E., Husson S.J.,
RA Schoofs L.;
RT "Identification of new immune induced molecules in the haemolymph of
RT Drosophila melanogaster by 2D-nanoLC MS/MS.";
RL J. Insect Physiol. 52:379-388(2006).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cecropins have lytic and antibacterial activity against
CC several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:2390977,
CC PubMed:11266367). Functions in the imd/NF-kappa-B (Imd) epithelial and
CC humoral immune response to Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:11266367).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11266367, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16510152}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Hemolymph (at protein level) (PubMed:16510152).
CC Strongly expressed in larval, pupal and adult fat body and hemocytes
CC after injection of bacteria (PubMed:2390977). Maximal expression in the
CC adult involves fat body cells of the head, thorax and abdomen
CC (PubMed:2390977). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16510152,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By bacterial infection (at protein level) (PubMed:16510152).
CC Induced as part of the humoral response to a bacterial invasion
CC (PubMed:2390977). Transcripts appear within one hour after injection of
CC bacteria into the hemocoel, reach a maximum after 2-6 hours and have
CC almost disappeared after 24 hours (PubMed:2104802). Similar response is
CC seen when flies ingest bacteria present in their food (PubMed:2104802).
CC 8 hours after bacterial infection of embryos (2-6 hours after
CC hatching), up-regulated in the larval epidermis and 16 h post-infection
CC is up-regulated in the larval fat body (PubMed:11266367). Up-regulated
CC in the larval fat body by injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides
CC (LPS), but not up-regulated in the epidermis (PubMed:11266367).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11266367, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16510152,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:2104802, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cecropin family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; X16972; CAA34843.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018964; AAB82461.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018965; AAB82462.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018966; AAB82463.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018967; AAB82464.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018968; AAB82465.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018969; AAB82466.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018970; AAB82467.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018971; AAB82468.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018972; AAB82469.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018973; AAB82470.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018974; AAB82471.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010791; BAA28719.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010792; BAA28723.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010793; BAA28727.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010794; BAA28730.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010796; BAA28736.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010797; BAA28740.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16852; CAA76425.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16853; CAA76431.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16854; CAA76437.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16854; CAA76439.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16855; CAA76443.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16856; CAA76449.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16856; CAA76451.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16857; CAA76455.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16858; CAA76461.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16859; CAA76467.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16861; CAA76477.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014297; AAF57025.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; S07664; S07664.
DR RefSeq; NP_524588.1; NM_079849.4.
DR RefSeq; NP_524589.1; NM_079850.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; C0HKQ7; -.
DR SMR; C0HKQ7; -.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0084977; -.
DR PRIDE; C0HKQ7; -.
DR DNASU; 43597; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0085612; FBpp0084977; FBgn0000276.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0085614; FBpp0084978; FBgn0000277.
DR GeneID; 43596; -.
DR GeneID; 43597; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG1365; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG1367; -.
DR CTD; 43596; -.
DR CTD; 43597; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0000276; CecA1.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0000276; -.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0000277; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502TCNK; Eukaryota.
DR OMA; NRIFVFV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1632391at2759; -.
DR PRO; PR:C0HKQ7; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 3R.
DR Bgee; FBgn0000276; Expressed in male reproductive gland and 12 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; C0HKQ7; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0019731; P:antibacterial humoral response; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050829; P:defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050830; P:defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0002213; P:defense response to insect; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0006959; P:humoral immune response; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009617; P:response to bacterium; HEP:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR000875; Cecropin.
DR InterPro; IPR020400; Cecropin_insect.
DR PANTHER; PTHR38329; PTHR38329; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00272; Cecropin; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00268; CECROPIN; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Amidation; Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Immunity; Innate immunity;
KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..23
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 24..62
FT /note="Cecropin-A1"
FT /id="PRO_0000441212"
FT MOD_RES 62
FT /note="Arginine amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08375"
FT VARIANT 8
FT /note="V -> A (in strain: M26)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 11
FT /note="A -> P (in strain: B226 and B316)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
FT VARIANT 14
FT /note="L -> V (in strain: MJ3)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9553148"
FT VARIANT 20
FT /note="Q -> E (in strain: B316)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
FT VARIANT 45
FT /note="I -> IFT (in strain: M40)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 45
FT /note="I -> V (in strain: MJ1)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9553148,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 56
FT /note="N -> D (in strain: MJ1)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9553148"
FT VARIANT 61
FT /note="A -> G (in strain: Z24)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
SQ SEQUENCE 63 AA; 6771 MW; F709070C5BEC7D74 CRC64;
MNFYNIFVFV ALILAITIGQ SEAGWLKKIG KKIERVGQHT RDATIQGLGI AQQAANVAAT
ARG
