CECA2_DROME
ID CECA2_DROME Reviewed; 63 AA.
AC C0HKQ8; B3DN02; B3DN08; O16815; O16816; O16817; O16818; O16819; O16820;
AC O16821; O61275; O61276; O61277; O61279; O62590; P14954; P82449;
DT 30-AUG-2017, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 30-AUG-2017, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 24.
DE RecName: Full=Cecropin-A2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2104802};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=CecA2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2104802, ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0000277};
GN ORFNames=CG1367 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0000277};
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND INDUCTION.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S;
RX PubMed=2104802; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08098.x;
RA Kylsten P., Samakovlis C., Hultmark D.;
RT "The cecropin locus in Drosophila; a compact gene cluster involved in the
RT response to infection.";
RL EMBO J. 9:217-224(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS LYS-2; LEU-7; GLY-8 AND
RP THR-11.
RC STRAIN=B115, B141, B208, B225, B226, M13, Z10, Z22, Z24, and Z5;
RX PubMed=9335607; DOI=10.1093/genetics/147.2.713;
RA Clark A.G., Wang L.;
RT "Molecular population genetics of Drosophila immune system genes.";
RL Genetics 147:713-724(1997).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS LEU-3 AND ALA-36.
RC STRAIN=3RC, MA1, MA2, MA3, MJ1, MJ2, and MJ3;
RX PubMed=9553148; DOI=10.1007/s002510050379;
RA Date A., Satta Y., Takahata N., Chigusa S.I.;
RT "Evolutionary history and mechanism of the Drosophila cecropin gene
RT family.";
RL Immunogenetics 47:417-429(1998).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS LEU-3 AND THR-11.
RC STRAIN=M11, M2, M26, M36, M40, M47, M54, M55, and M66;
RX PubMed=9725836; DOI=10.1093/genetics/150.1.157;
RA Ramos-Onsins S., Aguade M.;
RT "Molecular evolution of the Cecropin multigene family in Drosophila:
RT functional genes vs pseudogenes.";
RL Genetics 150:157-171(1998).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [6]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RA Carlson J.W., Booth B., Frise E., Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Celniker S.E.;
RL Submitted (MAY-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, INDUCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S;
RX PubMed=2390977; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07489.x;
RA Samakovlis C., Kimbrell D.A., Kylsten P., Engstrom A., Hultmark D.;
RT "The immune response in Drosophila: pattern of cecropin expression and
RT biological activity.";
RL EMBO J. 9:2969-2976(1990).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cecropins have lytic and antibacterial activity against
CC several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Strongly expressed in larval, pupal and adult fat
CC body and hemocytes after injection of bacteria. Maximal expression in
CC the adult involves fat body cells of the head, thorax and abdomen.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Induced as part of the humoral response to a bacterial
CC invasion (PubMed:2390977). Transcripts appear within one hour after
CC injection of bacteria into the hemocoel, reach a maximum after 2-6
CC hours and have almost disappeared after 24 hours (PubMed:2104802).
CC Similar response is seen when flies ingest bacteria present in their
CC food (PubMed:2104802). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2104802,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:2390977}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cecropin family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=ACD81810.1; Type=Frameshift; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; X16972; CAA34844.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018976; AAB82473.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018977; AAB82474.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018978; AAB82475.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018979; AAB82476.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018980; AAB82477.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018981; AAB82478.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018982; AAB82479.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018983; AAB82480.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF018984; AAB82481.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010791; BAA28721.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010792; BAA28725.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010793; BAA28728.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010794; BAA28732.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010795; BAA28734.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010796; BAA28738.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB010797; BAA28742.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16852; CAA76427.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16853; CAA76433.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16855; CAA76445.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16857; CAA76457.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16858; CAA76463.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16859; CAA76469.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y16861; CAA76479.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014297; AAF57026.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT032790; ACD81804.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BT032796; ACD81810.1; ALT_FRAME; mRNA.
DR PIR; S07664; S07664.
DR RefSeq; NP_524588.1; NM_079849.4.
DR RefSeq; NP_524589.1; NM_079850.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; C0HKQ8; -.
DR SMR; C0HKQ8; -.
DR DNASU; 43597; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0085612; FBpp0084977; FBgn0000276.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0085614; FBpp0084978; FBgn0000277.
DR GeneID; 43596; -.
DR GeneID; 43597; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG1365; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG1367; -.
DR CTD; 43596; -.
DR CTD; 43597; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0000277; CecA2.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0000276; -.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0000277; -.
DR OMA; NRIFVFV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1632391at2759; -.
DR PRO; PR:C0HKQ8; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 3R.
DR Bgee; FBgn0000276; Expressed in male reproductive gland and 12 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; C0HKQ8; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0019731; P:antibacterial humoral response; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050829; P:defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050830; P:defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0002213; P:defense response to insect; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0006959; P:humoral immune response; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR000875; Cecropin.
DR InterPro; IPR020400; Cecropin_insect.
DR PANTHER; PTHR38329; PTHR38329; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00272; Cecropin; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00268; CECROPIN; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Amidation; Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Immunity; Innate immunity;
KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..23
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 24..62
FT /note="Cecropin-A2"
FT /id="PRO_0000441213"
FT MOD_RES 62
FT /note="Arginine amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08375"
FT VARIANT 2
FT /note="N -> D (in strain: Z5)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
FT VARIANT 2
FT /note="N -> K (in strain: Z24)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
FT VARIANT 3
FT /note="F -> L (in strain: M2, MJ1 and MJ3)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9553148,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 7
FT /note="F -> L (in strain: B226)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607"
FT VARIANT 8
FT /note="V -> G (in strain: Z5)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 11
FT /note="A -> T (in strain: B115, M11 and M47)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9335607,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9725836"
FT VARIANT 36
FT /note="V -> A (in strain: MJ2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9553148"
FT CONFLICT 31
FT /note="K -> R (in Ref. 7; ACD81810)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 63 AA; 6771 MW; F709070C5BEC7D74 CRC64;
MNFYNIFVFV ALILAITIGQ SEAGWLKKIG KKIERVGQHT RDATIQGLGI AQQAANVAAT
ARG
