CENPA_CHICK
ID CENPA_CHICK Reviewed; 131 AA.
AC Q6XXM1;
DT 19-SEP-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 05-JUL-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 108.
DE RecName: Full=Histone H3-like centromeric protein A;
DE AltName: Full=Centromere protein A;
DE Short=CENP-A;
DE Short=GgCENP-A;
GN Name=CENPA;
OS Gallus gallus (Chicken).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Archelosauria; Archosauria; Dinosauria; Saurischia; Theropoda;
OC Coelurosauria; Aves; Neognathae; Galloanserae; Galliformes; Phasianidae;
OC Phasianinae; Gallus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9031;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=14563550; DOI=10.1016/s0378-1119(03)00768-6;
RA Regnier V., Novelli J., Fukagawa T., Vagnarelli P., Brown W.;
RT "Characterization of chicken CENP-A and comparative sequence analysis of
RT vertebrate centromere-specific histone H3-like proteins.";
RL Gene 316:39-46(2003).
RN [2]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15870271; DOI=10.1128/mcb.25.10.3967-3981.2005;
RA Regnier V., Vagnarelli P., Fukagawa T., Zerjal T., Burns E., Trouche D.,
RA Earnshaw W., Brown W.;
RT "CENP-A is required for accurate chromosome segregation and sustained
RT kinetochore association of BubR1.";
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:3967-3981(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically
CC found in centromeric nucleosomes (PubMed:14563550). Replaces
CC conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the
CC inner plate of the kinetochore. The presence of CENPA subtly modifies
CC the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the
CC nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-
CC ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3. May
CC serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through
CC replication and cell division (By similarity). Required for recruitment
CC and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for
CC progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis
CC (PubMed:15870271). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:14563550, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15870271}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of centromeric nucleosomes, where DNA is wrapped
CC around a histone octamer core. The octamer contains two molecules each
CC of H2A, H2B, CENPA and H4 assembled in one CENPA-H4 heterotetramer and
CC two H2A-H2B heterodimers. CENPA modulates the DNA-binding
CC characteristics of nucleosomes so that protruding DNA ends have higher
CC flexibility than in nucleosomes containing conventional histone H3.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14563550}.
CC Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14563550}.
CC Chromosome, centromere {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14563550}. Note=Localizes
CC exclusively in the kinetochore domain of centromeres. Occupies a
CC compact domain at the inner kinetochore plate stretching across 2
CC thirds of the length of the constriction but encompassing only one
CC third of the constriction width and height.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Present in all interphase cells with a punctate
CC pattern in the nucleus. Aligned along the metaphase plate in metaphase
CC cells and becomes concentrated at the poles in anaphase cells (at
CC protein level). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14563550}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H3 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AY205311; AAP40821.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY205310; AAP40821.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001094507.1; NM_001101037.2.
DR PDB; 7BXT; EM; 4.20 A; A/E=7-131.
DR PDB; 7BY0; EM; 4.50 A; A/E=7-131.
DR PDBsum; 7BXT; -.
DR PDBsum; 7BY0; -.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q6XXM1; -.
DR SMR; Q6XXM1; -.
DR BioGRID; 694899; 1.
DR IntAct; Q6XXM1; 2.
DR STRING; 9031.ENSGALP00000042200; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSGALT00000080650; ENSGALP00000044134; ENSGALG00000037735.
DR GeneID; 100113359; -.
DR KEGG; gga:100113359; -.
DR CTD; 1058; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:geneid_100113359; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG1745; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT01050000244889; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_078295_3_2_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q6XXM1; -.
DR OMA; RNDMILM; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1564596at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q6XXM1; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q6XXM1; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000539; Chromosome 16.
DR Bgee; ENSGALG00000037735; Expressed in testis and 12 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q6XXM1; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0000776; C:kinetochore; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0030527; F:structural constituent of chromatin; IEA:InterPro.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009072; Histone-fold.
DR InterPro; IPR007125; Histone_H2A/H2B/H3.
DR InterPro; IPR000164; Histone_H3/CENP-A.
DR Pfam; PF00125; Histone; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00622; HISTONEH3.
DR SMART; SM00428; H3; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47113; SSF47113; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Centromere; Chromosome; DNA-binding; Kinetochore;
KW Nucleosome core; Nucleus; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..131
FT /note="Histone H3-like centromeric protein A"
FT /id="PRO_0000249468"
FT REGION 1..33
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 34..131
FT /note="H3-like"
FT COMPBIAS 13..29
FT /note="Pro residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 131 AA; 15243 MW; 4D0F421A4CEAD0EF CRC64;
MPRPKPRSPR RRGRPPPAAP PPPPARPRAR RYRPGQRALR EIRRYQSSTA LLLRRQPFAR
VVREICLLFT RGVDYRWQAM ALLALQEAAE AFLVHLLEDA YLCSLHARRV TLYPKDLQLA
RRLRGLQGEG F
