ID   CENPA_XENTR             Reviewed;         150 AA.
AC   Q28I31;
DT   19-SEP-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   04-APR-2006, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 104.
DE   RecName: Full=Histone H3-like centromeric protein A;
DE   AltName: Full=Centromere protein A;
DE            Short=CENP-A;
GN   Name=cenpa; ORFNames=TEgg036k02.1;
OS   Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia;
OC   Batrachia; Anura; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Silurana.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=8364;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Egg;
RG   Sanger Xenopus tropicalis EST/cDNA project;
RL   Submitted (JUN-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically
CC       found in centromeric nucleosomes. Replaces conventional H3 in the
CC       nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the
CC       kinetochore. The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome
CC       structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives
CC       rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid
CC       compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3. May serve as an
CC       epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication
CC       and cell division. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore
CC       proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis,
CC       chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Component of centromeric nucleosomes, where DNA is wrapped
CC       around a histone octamer core. The octamer contains two molecules each
CC       of H2A, H2B, CENPA and H4 assembled in one CENPA-H4 heterotetramer and
CC       two H2A-H2B heterodimers. CENPA modulates the DNA-binding
CC       characteristics of nucleosomes so that protruding DNA ends have higher
CC       flexibility than in nucleosomes containing conventional histone H3.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC       Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC       Chromosome, centromere {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}. Note=Localizes
CC       exclusively in the kinetochore domain of centromeres. Occupies a
CC       compact domain at the inner kinetochore plate stretching across 2
CC       thirds of the length of the constriction but encompassing only one
CC       third of the constriction width and height.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49450}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H3 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; CR760620; CAJ81334.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001016585.1; NM_001016585.2.
DR   RefSeq; XP_012823881.1; XM_012968427.1.
DR   RefSeq; XP_012823882.1; XM_012968428.2.
DR   RefSeq; XP_012823883.1; XM_012968429.1.
DR   RefSeq; XP_012823884.1; XM_012968430.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q28I31; -.
DR   SMR; Q28I31; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q28I31; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSXETT00000068329; ENSXETP00000066897; ENSXETG00000034599.
DR   GeneID; 549339; -.
DR   KEGG; xtr:549339; -.
DR   CTD; 1058; -.
DR   Xenbase; XB-GENE-484234; cenpa.
DR   eggNOG; KOG1745; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_078295_3_2_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q28I31; -.
DR   OMA; REICITF; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1564596at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q28I31; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF354293; -.
DR   Reactome; R-XTR-141444; Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal.
DR   Reactome; R-XTR-2467813; Separation of Sister Chromatids.
DR   Reactome; R-XTR-2500257; Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion.
DR   Reactome; R-XTR-5663220; RHO GTPases Activate Formins.
DR   Reactome; R-XTR-9648025; EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation.
DR   Proteomes; UP000008143; Chromosome 8.
DR   Proteomes; UP000790000; Unplaced.
DR   Bgee; ENSXETG00000034599; Expressed in early embryo and 14 other tissues.
DR   GO; GO:0000776; C:kinetochore; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0030527; F:structural constituent of chromatin; IEA:InterPro.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009072; Histone-fold.
DR   InterPro; IPR007125; Histone_H2A/H2B/H3.
DR   InterPro; IPR000164; Histone_H3/CENP-A.
DR   Pfam; PF00125; Histone; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00428; H3; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47113; SSF47113; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00959; HISTONE_H3_2; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Centromere; Chromosome; DNA-binding; Kinetochore; Nucleosome core; Nucleus;
KW   Reference proteome.
FT   CHAIN           1..150
FT                   /note="Histone H3-like centromeric protein A"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000249475"
FT   REGION          1..56
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          53..150
FT                   /note="H3-like"
SQ   SEQUENCE   150 AA;  17076 MW;  2BC139207122A8A4 CRC64;
     MRPGSTPASR RKSRPPRRVS PPLPTTSTRS PGRPSAPEQR KAPRATPKKR FRPGTRALME
     IRKYQKSTEL LIRKAPFSRL VREVCMTYAC GLNYSWQSMA LMALQEASEA FLVRLFEDSY
     LCSLHAKRVT LYVQDIQLAR RIRGVTEGLG