CGR2_ARATH
ID CGR2_ARATH Reviewed; 261 AA.
AC Q9M2Y6; B9DHV0; Q93YM8;
DT 11-SEP-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 110.
DE RecName: Full=Probable pectin methylesterase CGR2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25704846};
DE EC=2.1.1.- {ECO:0000305|PubMed:27208234};
DE AltName: Full=Cotton Golgi-related 2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25704846};
GN Name=CGR2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25704846};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At3g49720 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT3G49720};
GN ORFNames=T16K5.70 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAB66910.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130713; DOI=10.1038/35048706;
RA Salanoubat M., Lemcke K., Rieger M., Ansorge W., Unseld M., Fartmann B.,
RA Valle G., Bloecker H., Perez-Alonso M., Obermaier B., Delseny M.,
RA Boutry M., Grivell L.A., Mache R., Puigdomenech P., De Simone V.,
RA Choisne N., Artiguenave F., Robert C., Brottier P., Wincker P.,
RA Cattolico L., Weissenbach J., Saurin W., Quetier F., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Benes V., Wurmbach E., Drzonek H.,
RA Erfle H., Jordan N., Bangert S., Wiedelmann R., Kranz H., Voss H.,
RA Holland R., Brandt P., Nyakatura G., Vezzi A., D'Angelo M., Pallavicini A.,
RA Toppo S., Simionati B., Conrad A., Hornischer K., Kauer G., Loehnert T.-H.,
RA Nordsiek G., Reichelt J., Scharfe M., Schoen O., Bargues M., Terol J.,
RA Climent J., Navarro P., Collado C., Perez-Perez A., Ottenwaelder B.,
RA Duchemin D., Cooke R., Laudie M., Berger-Llauro C., Purnelle B., Masuy D.,
RA de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Alcaraz J.-P., Cottet A., Casacuberta E.,
RA Monfort A., Argiriou A., Flores M., Liguori R., Vitale D., Mannhaupt G.,
RA Haase D., Schoof H., Rudd S., Zaccaria P., Mewes H.-W., Mayer K.F.X.,
RA Kaul S., Town C.D., Koo H.L., Tallon L.J., Jenkins J., Rooney T., Rizzo M.,
RA Walts A., Utterback T., Fujii C.Y., Shea T.P., Creasy T.H., Haas B.,
RA Maiti R., Wu D., Peterson J., Van Aken S., Pai G., Militscher J.,
RA Sellers P., Gill J.E., Feldblyum T.V., Preuss D., Lin X., Nierman W.C.,
RA Salzberg S.L., White O., Venter J.C., Fraser C.M., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y.,
RA Sato S., Kato T., Asamizu E., Sasamoto S., Kimura T., Idesawa K.,
RA Kawashima K., Kishida Y., Kiyokawa C., Kohara M., Matsumoto M., Matsuno A.,
RA Muraki A., Nakayama S., Nakazaki N., Shinpo S., Takeuchi C., Wada T.,
RA Watanabe A., Yamada M., Yasuda M., Tabata S.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 3 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:820-822(2000).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Rosette leaf;
RX PubMed=19423640; DOI=10.1093/dnares/dsp009;
RA Iida K., Fukami-Kobayashi K., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Kobayashi M., Seki M.,
RA Shinozaki K.;
RT "Analysis of multiple occurrences of alternative splicing events in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana using novel sequenced full-length cDNAs.";
RL DNA Res. 16:155-164(2009).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA Feldmann K.A.;
RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 24-261.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=25704846; DOI=10.1111/tpj.12802;
RA Kim S.-J., Held M.A., Zemelis S., Wilkerson C., Brandizzi F.;
RT "CGR2 and CGR3 have critical overlapping roles in pectin
RT methylesterification and plant growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant J. 82:208-220(2015).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27208234; DOI=10.1104/pp.16.00173;
RA Weraduwage S.M., Kim S.-J., Renna L., Anozie F.C., Sharkey T.D.,
RA Brandizzi F.;
RT "Pectin Methylesterification Impacts the Relationship between
RT Photosynthesis and Plant Growth.";
RL Plant Physiol. 171:833-848(2016).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Together with CGR3, required for homogalacturonan pectins
CC (HG) methylesterification in the Golgi apparatus prior to integration
CC into cell walls, essential for general growth and development
CC (PubMed:25704846, PubMed:27208234). Promotes rosette growth
CC (PubMed:25704846). Impacts carbon (C) partitioning, photosynthesis and
CC respiration efficiency by influencing leaf mesophyll cell walls
CC morphology and physiology; pectin methylesterification modulates both
CC expansion and positioning of cells in leaves, probably by changing cell
CC walls plasticity (PubMed:27208234). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25704846,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27208234}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25704846}; Single-pass membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25704846}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Plants lacking both CGR2 and CGR3 (cgr2-1 cgr3-1)
CC exihibit severe defects in plant growth and development (e.g. shorter
CC hypocotyl and primary root length due to reduced cell elongation, and
CC abnormal pollen tube elongation), as well as reduced levels of pectin
CC methylesterification associated with decreased microsomal pectin
CC methyltransferase activity. The double mutant cgr2-1 cgr3-1 also lacks
CC uronic acids and methyl ester (PubMed:25704846). Reduced HG
CC methylesterification in cgr2-1 cgr3-1 double mutant results in thin but
CC dense leaf mesophyll that limits CO(2) diffusion to chloroplasts and
CC reduces leaf area, thus impairing photosynthesis efficiency and carbon
CC (C) partitioning (PubMed:27208234). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25704846,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27208234}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase
CC superfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAL24420.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AY087451; AAM64997.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AL132965; CAB66910.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; AEE78580.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; AEE78581.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; ANM64296.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AK317656; BAH20317.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY059938; AAL24420.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY114597; AAM47916.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; T46038; T46038.
DR RefSeq; NP_001078265.1; NM_001084796.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_001326335.1; NM_001339437.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_566924.1; NM_114832.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR IntAct; Q9M2Y6; 1.
DR STRING; 3702.AT3G49720.2; -.
DR SwissPalm; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 224299; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G49720.1; AT3G49720.1; AT3G49720.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G49720.2; AT3G49720.2; AT3G49720.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G49720.3; AT3G49720.3; AT3G49720.
DR GeneID; 824134; -.
DR Gramene; AT3G49720.1; AT3G49720.1; AT3G49720.
DR Gramene; AT3G49720.2; AT3G49720.2; AT3G49720.
DR Gramene; AT3G49720.3; AT3G49720.3; AT3G49720.
DR KEGG; ath:AT3G49720; -.
DR Araport; AT3G49720; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2097380; AT3G49720.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QR9D; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_071215_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR OMA; SHCKSFV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1210334at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9M2Y6; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9M2Y6; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 3.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9M2Y6; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9M2Y6; AT.
DR GO; GO:0009535; C:chloroplast thylakoid membrane; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005768; C:endosome; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005794; C:Golgi apparatus; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005797; C:Golgi medial cisterna; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000139; C:Golgi membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0000325; C:plant-type vacuole; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005802; C:trans-Golgi network; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0008168; F:methyltransferase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0015976; P:carbon utilization; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009965; P:leaf morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0032259; P:methylation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0045489; P:pectin biosynthetic process; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0045488; P:pectin metabolic process; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009832; P:plant-type cell wall biogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009664; P:plant-type cell wall organization; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0048639; P:positive regulation of developmental growth; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1905157; P:positive regulation of photosynthesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1903942; P:positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0051512; P:positive regulation of unidimensional cell growth; IGI:TAIR.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.150; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR044689; CGR2/3.
DR InterPro; IPR029063; SAM-dependent_MTases_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR34208; PTHR34208; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53335; SSF53335; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Cell wall biogenesis/degradation; Glycoprotein; Golgi apparatus; Membrane;
KW Methyltransferase; Reference proteome; Transferase; Transmembrane;
KW Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..261
FT /note="Probable pectin methylesterase CGR2"
FT /id="PRO_0000300109"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..35
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:25704846"
FT TRANSMEM 36..56
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 57..261
FT /note="Lumenal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:25704846"
FT CARBOHYD 174
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00498"
SQ SEQUENCE 261 AA; 28532 MW; 1508A8E3BD07D67F CRC64;
MARRQVGSTR RVGDGGSFPF AGALHSKSRS SPLLSICLVL VGACLLIGYA YSGPGIFKSI
KEVSKVTGDY SCTAEVQRAI PVLKKAYGDG MRKVLHVGPD TCSVVSSLLK EEETEAWGVE
PYDIEDADSH CKSFVSKGLV RVADIKFPLP YRAKSFSLVI VSDALDYLSP KYLNKTVPEL
ARVASDGVVL FAGLPGQQRA KVAELSKFGR PAKMRSASWW NRFFVQTNLE ENDAPSKKFE
QAVSKGLYKP ACQVFHLKPL H
