CP17A_PERLE
ID CP17A_PERLE Reviewed; 509 AA.
AC Q91Z85;
DT 04-JAN-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-DEC-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 82.
DE RecName: Full=Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase;
DE EC=1.14.14.19 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
DE AltName: Full=17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase;
DE EC=1.14.14.32 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
DE AltName: Full=CYPXVII;
DE AltName: Full=Cytochrome P450 17A1;
DE AltName: Full=Cytochrome P450-C17;
DE Short=Cytochrome P450c17;
DE AltName: Full=Steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase;
GN Name=Cyp17a1; Synonyms=Cyp17;
OS Peromyscus leucopus (White-footed mouse).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea;
OC Cricetidae; Neotominae; Peromyscus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=10041;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RA Gleason K.K., Hurst F.P., Powers M.A., Riddle S.W., Seashols S.,
RA Bradley E.L.;
RT "Genomic sequence and adrenal expression of Cyp17 during reproductive
RT development in Peromyscus leucopus.";
RL Submitted (AUG-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in corticoid and
CC androgen biosynthesis. Catalyzes 17-alpha hydroxylation of C21
CC steroids, which is common for both pathways. A second oxidative step,
CC required only for androgen synthesis, involves an acyl-carbon cleavage.
CC The 17-alpha hydroxy intermediates, as part of adrenal glucocorticoids
CC biosynthesis pathway, are precursors of cortisol. Hydroxylates steroid
CC hormones, pregnenolone and progesterone to form 17-alpha hydroxy
CC metabolites, followed by the cleavage of the C17-C20 bond to form C19
CC steroids, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione. Has 16-
CC alpha hydroxylase activity. Catalyzes 16-alpha hydroxylation of 17-
CC alpha hydroxy pregnenolone, followed by the cleavage of the C17-C20
CC bond to form 16-alpha-hydroxy DHEA. Also 16-alpha hydroxylates
CC androgens, relevant for estriol synthesis. Mechanistically, uses
CC molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and
CC reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided
CC by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein
CC reductase). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=a C21-steroid + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] =
CC a 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65760, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:61313, ChEBI:CHEBI:138141; EC=1.14.14.19;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65761;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=O2 + progesterone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] =
CC 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46308, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:17026, ChEBI:CHEBI:17252,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; EC=1.14.14.19;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46309;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=O2 + pregnenolone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] =
CC 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:50236, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16581, ChEBI:CHEBI:28750,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; EC=1.14.14.19;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:50237;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein
CC reductase] = acetate + androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + 2 H(+) + H2O +
CC oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:14753,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16422,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:17252, ChEBI:CHEBI:30089, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; EC=1.14.14.32;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:14754;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein
CC reductase] = 16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone + H(+) + H2O +
CC oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53216,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:763,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:17252, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53217;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase] = 6beta,16alpha,17alpha-trihydroxyprogesterone
CC + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase];
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53220, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:763, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:137046; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53221;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein
CC reductase] = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + acetate + 2 H(+) +
CC H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:50244,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:28689,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:28750, ChEBI:CHEBI:30089, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; EC=1.14.14.32;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:50245;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxypregnenolone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase] = 3beta,16alpha-dihydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one
CC + acetate + 2 H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase];
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53224, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:27771, ChEBI:CHEBI:30089, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58210, ChEBI:CHEBI:137049;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53225;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + O2 + reduced [NADPH--
CC hemoprotein reductase] = 3beta,16alpha-dihydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one
CC + H(+) + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase];
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47220, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:27771, ChEBI:CHEBI:28689, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:47221;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein
CC reductase] = 16alpha-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione + H(+) + H2O +
CC oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53228,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11964, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11965, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16422,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:27582, ChEBI:CHEBI:57618, ChEBI:CHEBI:58210;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:53229;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=heme; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:30413;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093};
CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Regulated predominantly by intracellular cAMP
CC levels. The 17,20-lyase activity is stimulated by cytochrome b5, which
CC acts as an allosteric effector increasing the Vmax of the lyase
CC activity. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}.
CC -!- PATHWAY: Steroid hormone biosynthesis. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}.
CC -!- PATHWAY: Steroid biosynthesis; glucocorticoid biosynthesis.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}. Microsome membrane
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P05093}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AY054747; AAL12229.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q91Z85; -.
DR SMR; Q91Z85; -.
DR UniPathway; UPA00788; -.
DR GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0047442; F:17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone aldolase activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0020037; F:heme binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005506; F:iron ion binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0004508; F:steroid 17-alpha-monooxygenase activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0006704; P:glucocorticoid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway.
DR GO; GO:0042446; P:hormone biosynthetic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042448; P:progesterone metabolic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0008202; P:steroid metabolic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.630.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR001128; Cyt_P450.
DR InterPro; IPR017972; Cyt_P450_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR002401; Cyt_P450_E_grp-I.
DR InterPro; IPR036396; Cyt_P450_sf.
DR Pfam; PF00067; p450; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00463; EP450I.
DR PRINTS; PR00385; P450.
DR SUPFAM; SSF48264; SSF48264; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00086; CYTOCHROME_P450; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Endoplasmic reticulum; Heme; Iron; Lipid metabolism; Lyase; Membrane;
KW Metal-binding; Microsome; Monooxygenase; Oxidoreductase; Steroidogenesis.
FT CHAIN 1..509
FT /note="Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase"
FT /id="PRO_0000051939"
FT BINDING 440
FT /ligand="heme"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30413"
FT /ligand_part="Fe"
FT /ligand_part_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18248"
FT /note="axial binding residue"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 509 AA; 57722 MW; E1BAB018B7A6661E CRC64;
MWELVCLLLL ILAYLFWPKP KTSDAKFPRS LPFLPLVGSL PFLPRHGHMH VNFFKLQEKY
GPIYSLRLGT IPTVIIGQYQ LAREVLIKKG KEFSGRPQMV TLGLLSNQGK GIAFADSDDA
WQLHRKLALS SFALFRDGDQ RLETIICQEA SSLCDLLLTH NEESVDLSQP IFMSVTNIIC
AICFSTSYEN RDPILTTIQT FTEGILNCLD NENLVDIFPW LTIFPNKTLE KIKRHVKVRD
EVLIDMLEKC KEKFNNDSIS NLTDILIQAK MNADNNNTTD HQGSFSDSHI LSTVGDFFGA
GIETTTSVLC WIVAFLLHNP EVKKKIQKEI DQNIGFSRTP TFNDRNHLLM LEATIREVLR
IRPVAPMLIP HKANIDSSIG EFTIPKDTHV VINLWALHHN EKEWDQPDRF MPERFLDATG
SHLITPSLSY LPFGAGPRAC IGEVLARQVL FLYVACLLQR FDLDVPDGAP MPCLKGDPKV
VFLIDPFKVK VTVRQAWKDA QAEVGTWRP
