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CRYAA_BALAC
ID   CRYAA_BALAC             Reviewed;         173 AA.
AC   P02474;
DT   21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   21-JUL-1986, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 96.
DE   RecName: Full=Alpha-crystallin A chain;
GN   Name=CRYAA;
OS   Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Common minke whale) (Balaena rostrata).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Whippomorpha; Cetacea; Mysticeti;
OC   Balaenopteridae; Balaenoptera.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9767;
RN   [1]
RP   PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, AND ACETYLATION AT MET-1.
RX   PubMed=870070; DOI=10.1016/0005-2795(77)90303-8;
RA   de Jong W.W., Nuy-Terwindt E.C., Versteeg M.;
RT   "Primary structures of alpha-crystallin A chains of elephant, whale, hyrax
RT   and rhinoceros.";
RL   Biochim. Biophys. Acta 491:573-580(1977).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Contributes to the transparency and refractive index of the
CC       lens. Acts as a chaperone, preventing aggregation of various proteins
CC       under a wide range of stress conditions. Required for the correct
CC       formation of lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed
CC       of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Heteromer composed of three CRYAA and one CRYAB subunits.
CC       Inter-subunit bridging via zinc ions enhances stability, which is
CC       crucial as there is no protein turn over in the lens. Can also form
CC       homodimers and homotetramers (dimers of dimers) which serve as the
CC       building blocks of homooligomers (By similarity). Within homooligomers,
CC       the zinc-binding motif is created from residues of 3 different
CC       molecules. His-100 and Glu-102 from one molecule are ligands of the
CC       zinc ion, and His-107 and His-154 residues from additional molecules
CC       complete the site with tetrahedral coordination geometry (By
CC       similarity). Part of a complex required for lens intermediate filament
CC       formation composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Nucleus
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Note=Translocates to the nucleus during
CC       heat shock and resides in sub-nuclear structures known as SC35 speckles
CC       or nuclear splicing speckles. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- PTM: Acetylation at Lys-70 may increase chaperone activity.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- PTM: Undergoes age-dependent proteolytical cleavage at the C-terminus.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285}.
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DR   PIR; A02876; CYWHAA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P02474; -.
DR   BMRB; P02474; -.
DR   SMR; P02474; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P02474; -.
DR   PRIDE; P02474; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005212; F:structural constituent of eye lens; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   Gene3D; 2.60.40.790; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR002068; A-crystallin/Hsp20_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR001436; Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal.
DR   InterPro; IPR012274; Alpha-crystallin_A.
DR   InterPro; IPR003090; Alpha-crystallin_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR008978; HSP20-like_chaperone.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR45640; PTHR45640; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR45640:SF14; PTHR45640:SF14; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00525; Crystallin; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00011; HSP20; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF036514; Sm_HSP_B1; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00299; ACRYSTALLIN.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF49764; SSF49764; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS01031; SHSP; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Acetylation; Chaperone; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing;
KW   Eye lens protein; Glycoprotein; Metal-binding; Methylation; Nucleus;
KW   Phosphoprotein; Zinc.
FT   CHAIN           1..173
FT                   /note="Alpha-crystallin A chain"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000125847"
FT   DOMAIN          52..162
FT                   /note="sHSP"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285"
FT   REGION          1..63
FT                   /note="Required for complex formation with BFSP1 and BFSP2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   REGION          144..173
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   BINDING         100
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         102
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         107
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         154
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   MOD_RES         1
FT                   /note="N-acetylmethionine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:870070"
FT   MOD_RES         6
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         45
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   MOD_RES         50
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         70
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   MOD_RES         90
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         99
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   MOD_RES         101
FT                   /note="Deamidated asparagine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         122
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   MOD_RES         123
FT                   /note="Deamidated asparagine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CARBOHYD        162
FT                   /note="O-linked (GlcNAc) serine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   173 AA;  19778 MW;  DA9A2BD25B1959DF CRC64;
     MDIAIQHPWF KRALGPFYPS RLFDQFFGEG LFEYDLLPFL SSTISPYYRQ SLFRTVLDSG
     ISEVRSDRDK FVIFLDVKHF SPEDLTVKVQ EDFVEIHGKH NERQDDHGYI SREFHRRYRL
     PSNVDQSALS CSLSADGMLT FSGPKVPSGM DAGHSERAIP VSREEKPSSA PSS
 
 
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