CRYAA_CHOHO
ID CRYAA_CHOHO Reviewed; 170 AA.
AC P02486;
DT 21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 21-JUL-1986, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 89.
DE RecName: Full=Alpha-crystallin A chain;
GN Name=CRYAA;
OS Choloepus hoffmanni (Hoffmann's two-fingered sloth).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Xenarthra; Pilosa; Folivora; Megalonychidae; Choloepus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9358;
RN [1]
RP PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE.
RA de Jong W.W., Zweers A., Goodman M.;
RT "Trends in the molecular evolution of alpha-crystallin.";
RL (In) Peeters H. (eds.);
RL Protides of the biological fluids, Proc. 28th colloquium, pp.161-164,
RL Pergamon Press, Oxford (1980).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Contributes to the transparency and refractive index of the
CC lens. Acts as a chaperone, preventing aggregation of various proteins
CC under a wide range of stress conditions. Required for the correct
CC formation of lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed
CC of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Heteromer composed of three CRYAA and one CRYAB subunits.
CC Inter-subunit bridging via zinc ions enhances stability, which is
CC crucial as there is no protein turn over in the lens. Can also form
CC homodimers and homotetramers (dimers of dimers) which serve as the
CC building blocks of homooligomers (By similarity). Within homooligomers,
CC the zinc-binding motif is created from residues of 3 different
CC molecules. His-100 and Glu-102 from one molecule are ligands of the
CC zinc ion, and His-107 and His-151 residues from additional molecules
CC complete the site with tetrahedral coordination geometry (By
CC similarity). Part of a complex required for lens intermediate filament
CC formation composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Nucleus
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Note=Translocates to the nucleus during
CC heat shock and resides in sub-nuclear structures known as SC35 speckles
CC or nuclear splicing speckles. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC -!- PTM: Acetylation at Lys-70 may increase chaperone activity.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC -!- PTM: Undergoes age-dependent proteolytical cleavage at the C-terminus.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
CC {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285}.
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DR PIR; A02888; CYOWA2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P02486; -.
DR SMR; P02486; -.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005212; F:structural constituent of eye lens; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR Gene3D; 2.60.40.790; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR002068; A-crystallin/Hsp20_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR001436; Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal.
DR InterPro; IPR012274; Alpha-crystallin_A.
DR InterPro; IPR003090; Alpha-crystallin_N.
DR InterPro; IPR008978; HSP20-like_chaperone.
DR PANTHER; PTHR45640; PTHR45640; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR45640:SF14; PTHR45640:SF14; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00525; Crystallin; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00011; HSP20; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF036514; Sm_HSP_B1; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00299; ACRYSTALLIN.
DR SUPFAM; SSF49764; SSF49764; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS01031; SHSP; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acetylation; Chaperone; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing;
KW Eye lens protein; Glycoprotein; Metal-binding; Methylation; Nucleus;
KW Phosphoprotein; Zinc.
FT CHAIN 1..170
FT /note="Alpha-crystallin A chain"
FT /id="PRO_0000125854"
FT DOMAIN 52..161
FT /note="sHSP"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285"
FT REGION 1..63
FT /note="Required for complex formation with BFSP1 and BFSP2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT REGION 144..170
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT BINDING 100
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT BINDING 102
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT BINDING 107
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT BINDING 151
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /ligand_label="3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT MOD_RES 1
FT /note="N-acetylmethionine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02474, ECO:0000305"
FT MOD_RES 6
FT /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MOD_RES 45
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT MOD_RES 50
FT /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MOD_RES 70
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT MOD_RES 99
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT MOD_RES 101
FT /note="Deamidated asparagine; partial"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CARBOHYD 159
FT /note="O-linked (GlcNAc) serine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 170 AA; 19591 MW; 925069C05EBD4FC3 CRC64;
MDVTIQHPWF RRALGPFYPS RLFDQFFGEG LFEYDLLPFL SSTISPYYRQ SLFRTVLDSG
ISEVRSDRDK FVIFLDVKHF SPEDLTVKVL DDFVEIHGKH NERQDDHGYI SREFHRRYRL
PTAVDQSALS CSLSADGMLT FSGPKIVDPS HSERTIPVSR EEKPSSAPSS
