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CRYAA_LOXAF
ID   CRYAA_LOXAF             Reviewed;         173 AA.
AC   P02498;
DT   21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   21-JUL-1986, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 110.
DE   RecName: Full=Alpha-crystallin A chain;
GN   Name=CRYAA;
OS   Loxodonta africana (African elephant).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Afrotheria; Proboscidea; Elephantidae; Loxodonta.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9785;
RN   [1]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE, AND ACETYLATION AT MET-1.
RX   PubMed=870070; DOI=10.1016/0005-2795(77)90303-8;
RA   de Jong W.W., Nuy-Terwindt E.C., Versteeg M.;
RT   "Primary structures of alpha-crystallin A chains of elephant, whale, hyrax
RT   and rhinoceros.";
RL   Biochim. Biophys. Acta 491:573-580(1977).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 121-163.
RX   PubMed=8587135; DOI=10.1007/bf00173170;
RA   Jaworski C.J.;
RT   "A reassessment of mammalian alpha A-crystallin sequences using DNA
RT   sequencing: implications for anthropoid affinities of tarsier.";
RL   J. Mol. Evol. 41:901-908(1995).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Contributes to the transparency and refractive index of the
CC       lens. In its oxidized form (absence of intramolecular disulfide bond),
CC       acts as a chaperone, preventing aggregation of various proteins under a
CC       wide range of stress conditions. Required for the correct formation of
CC       lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed of BFSP1,
CC       BFSP2 and CRYAA. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Heteromer composed of three CRYAA and one CRYAB subunits.
CC       Inter-subunit bridging via zinc ions enhances stability, which is
CC       crucial as there is no protein turn over in the lens. Can also form
CC       homodimers and homotetramers (dimers of dimers) which serve as the
CC       building blocks of homooligomers (By similarity). Within homooligomers,
CC       the zinc-binding motif is created from residues of 3 different
CC       molecules. His-100 and Glu-102 from one molecule are ligands of the
CC       zinc ion, and His-107 and His-154 residues from additional molecules
CC       complete the site with tetrahedral coordination geometry (By
CC       similarity). Part of a complex required for lens intermediate filament
CC       formation composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Nucleus
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}. Note=Translocates to the nucleus during
CC       heat shock and resides in sub-nuclear structures known as SC35 speckles
CC       or nuclear splicing speckles. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- PTM: Undergoes age-dependent proteolytical cleavage at the C-terminus.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285}.
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DR   EMBL; U24060; AAA97562.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; A02901; CYELAA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P02498; -.
DR   SMR; P02498; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P02498; -.
DR   InParanoid; P02498; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000007646; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR   GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005212; F:structural constituent of eye lens; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   Gene3D; 2.60.40.790; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR002068; A-crystallin/Hsp20_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR001436; Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal.
DR   InterPro; IPR012274; Alpha-crystallin_A.
DR   InterPro; IPR003090; Alpha-crystallin_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR008978; HSP20-like_chaperone.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR45640; PTHR45640; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR45640:SF14; PTHR45640:SF14; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00525; Crystallin; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00011; HSP20; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF036514; Sm_HSP_B1; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00299; ACRYSTALLIN.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF49764; SSF49764; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS01031; SHSP; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Acetylation; Chaperone; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing;
KW   Disulfide bond; Eye lens protein; Glycoprotein; Metal-binding; Methylation;
KW   Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Zinc.
FT   CHAIN           1..173
FT                   /note="Alpha-crystallin A chain"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000125866"
FT   DOMAIN          52..162
FT                   /note="sHSP"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00285"
FT   REGION          1..63
FT                   /note="Required for complex formation with BFSP1 and BFSP2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   REGION          149..173
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   BINDING         100
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         102
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         107
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   BINDING         154
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   MOD_RES         1
FT                   /note="N-acetylmethionine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:870070"
FT   MOD_RES         6
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         45
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   MOD_RES         50
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         90
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         99
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
FT   MOD_RES         101
FT                   /note="Deamidated asparagine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         122
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02470"
FT   MOD_RES         123
FT                   /note="Deamidated asparagine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         147
FT                   /note="Deamidated glutamine; partial"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CARBOHYD        162
FT                   /note="O-linked (GlcNAc) serine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        131..142
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02489"
SQ   SEQUENCE   173 AA;  19837 MW;  E6DE5CD8C838FC13 CRC64;
     MDVTIQHPWF KRALGPFYPS RLFDQFFGEG LFEYDLLPFL SSTISPYYRQ SLFRTVLDSG
     ISEVRSDRDQ FVILLDVKHF SPEDLTVKVQ DDFVEIHGKH NERQDDHGYI SREFHRRYRL
     PSNVDQSALS CSLSADGMLT FCGPKIQSGM DASHSERAIP VSREEKPSSA PSS
 
 
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