ACR2_CAEEL
ID ACR2_CAEEL Reviewed; 575 AA.
AC P48182;
DT 01-FEB-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-FEB-1996, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 158.
DE RecName: Full=Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-type acr-2;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=acr-2; ORFNames=K11G12.2;
OS Caenorhabditis elegans.
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida;
OC Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae;
OC Caenorhabditis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=6239;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH NICOTINIC
RP ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR.
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=8581398;
RA Squire M.D., Tornoe C.A., Baylis H.A., Fleming J.T., Barnard E.A.,
RA Sattelle D.B.;
RT "Molecular cloning and functional co-expression of a Caenorhabditis elegans
RT nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (acr-2).";
RL Recept. Channels 3:107-115(1995).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2;
RX PubMed=9851916; DOI=10.1126/science.282.5396.2012;
RG The C. elegans sequencing consortium;
RT "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating
RT biology.";
RL Science 282:2012-2018(1998).
RN [3]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF
RP VAL-309.
RX PubMed=20027209; DOI=10.1371/journal.pbio.1000265;
RA Jospin M., Qi Y.B., Stawicki T.M., Boulin T., Schuske K.R., Horvitz H.R.,
RA Bessereau J.L., Jorgensen E.M., Jin Y.;
RT "A neuronal acetylcholine receptor regulates the balance of muscle
RT excitation and inhibition in Caenorhabditis elegans.";
RL PLoS Biol. 7:E1000265-E1000265(2009).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF VAL-309.
RX PubMed=23658528; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003472;
RA Stawicki T.M., Takayanagi-Kiya S., Zhou K., Jin Y.;
RT "Neuropeptides function in a homeostatic manner to modulate excitation-
RT inhibition imbalance in C. elegans.";
RL PLoS Genet. 9:E1003472-E1003472(2013).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=27782882; DOI=10.7554/elife.21734;
RA Takayanagi-Kiya S., Zhou K., Jin Y.;
RT "Release-dependent feedback inhibition by a presynaptically localized
RT ligand-gated anion channel.";
RL Elife 5:21734-21749(2016).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Non-alpha subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)
CC (PubMed:8581398, PubMed:20027209). Acts in cholinergic motoneurons to
CC regulate presynaptic neurotransmitter release, thereby ensuring normal
CC level of excitation of cholinergic motoneurons during locomotion
CC (PubMed:20027209, PubMed:23658528, PubMed:27782882).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23658528,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8581398}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. In cholinergic
CC motoneurons, composed of 2 non-alpha subunits acr-2 and acr-3, and 3
CC alpha subunits unc-38, unc-63 and acr-12. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8581398}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic cell membrane
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q23022}; Multi-pass membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000255}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q23022}; Multi-pass
CC membrane protein {ECO:0000255}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Specifically expressed in cholinergic ventral cord
CC motoneurons of the VA, VB, DA and DB classes but not AS and VC classes.
CC Expressed in PVQ and DVC neurons in the tail.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed from L1 larval stage through adults.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Locomotion is slower. Moderately resistant to
CC paralysis induced by acetylcholine esterase inhibitor aldicarb but
CC sensitivity to acetylcholine agonist levamisole is normal. Reduced both
CC cholinergic and GABAergic motoneuron activities characterized by a
CC reduction in miniature postsynaptic currents in muscles.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
CC Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; X86403; CAA60157.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; FO081325; CCD70794.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; S57648; S57648.
DR RefSeq; NP_509128.1; NM_076727.5.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P48182; -.
DR SMR; P48182; -.
DR STRING; 6239.K11G12.2; -.
DR TCDB; 1.A.9.1.13; the neurotransmitter receptor, cys loop, ligand-gated ion channel (lic) family.
DR TCDB; 1.A.9.1.2; the neurotransmitter receptor, cys loop, ligand-gated ion channel (lic) family.
DR PaxDb; P48182; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; K11G12.2.1; K11G12.2.1; WBGene00000042.
DR GeneID; 180936; -.
DR KEGG; cel:CELE_K11G12.2; -.
DR UCSC; K11G12.2; c. elegans.
DR CTD; 180936; -.
DR WormBase; K11G12.2; CE07380; WBGene00000042; acr-2.
DR eggNOG; KOG3645; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_018074_1_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P48182; -.
DR OMA; SHKMPTW; -.
DR OrthoDB; 381858at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P48182; -.
DR Reactome; R-CEL-629594; Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
DR Reactome; R-CEL-629597; Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
DR PRO; PR:P48182; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001940; Chromosome X.
DR Bgee; WBGene00000042; Expressed in larva and 3 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0070161; C:anchoring junction; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005887; C:integral component of plasma membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0043005; C:neuron projection; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0045211; C:postsynaptic membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0045202; C:synapse; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0022848; F:acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0005231; F:excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0030594; F:neurotransmitter receptor activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0004888; F:transmembrane signaling receptor activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:1904315; F:transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0098703; P:calcium ion import across plasma membrane; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0007268; P:chemical synaptic transmission; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0098662; P:inorganic cation transmembrane transport; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0034220; P:ion transmembrane transport; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0050877; P:nervous system process; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0007274; P:neuromuscular synaptic transmission; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0010468; P:regulation of gene expression; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0040012; P:regulation of locomotion; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042391; P:regulation of membrane potential; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0006937; P:regulation of muscle contraction; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007165; P:signal transduction; IBA:GO_Central.
DR Gene3D; 1.20.58.390; -; 2.
DR Gene3D; 2.70.170.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR006202; Neur_chan_lig-bd.
DR InterPro; IPR036734; Neur_chan_lig-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR006201; Neur_channel.
DR InterPro; IPR036719; Neuro-gated_channel_TM_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR038050; Neuro_actylchol_rec.
DR InterPro; IPR006029; Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM.
DR InterPro; IPR018000; Neurotransmitter_ion_chnl_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR002394; Nicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt.
DR PANTHER; PTHR18945; PTHR18945; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02931; Neur_chan_LBD; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02932; Neur_chan_memb; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00254; NICOTINICR.
DR PRINTS; PR00252; NRIONCHANNEL.
DR SUPFAM; SSF63712; SSF63712; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF90112; SSF90112; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR00860; LIC; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00236; NEUROTR_ION_CHANNEL; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cell membrane; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Ion channel; Ion transport;
KW Ligand-gated ion channel; Membrane; Postsynaptic cell membrane; Receptor;
KW Reference proteome; Signal; Synapse; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix;
KW Transport.
FT SIGNAL 1..20
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 21..575
FT /note="Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-type acr-2"
FT /id="PRO_0000000398"
FT TOPO_DOM 21..270
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 271..291
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 299..319
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 331..351
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 352..527
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 528..548
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT REGION 31..57
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 35..51
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CARBOHYD 41
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 42
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 80
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 131
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT DISULFID 185..199
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MUTAGEN 309
FT /note="V->M: In n2420; constitutively active. Spontaneous
FT convulsions and shrinking behavior in response to touch.
FT Convulsions are suppressed in an unc-74, unc-50, unc-38 or
FT unc-63 mutant background. Enhanced neurotransmitter release
FT by cholinergic motoneurons and reduced neurotransmitter
FT release by GABAergic motoneurons. Increases neuropeptide
FT flp-18 expression in cholinergic B-type motor neurons.
FT Increases sensitivity to paralysis induced by acetylcholine
FT esterase inhibitor aldicarb or acetylcholine agonist
FT levamisole in L3-L4 larvae and adults."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027209,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:23658528"
SQ SEQUENCE 575 AA; 65595 MW; 7EB24296100EEB05 CRC64;
MKKTVKILLI LITVFLKVHC NGGHDDEAAD FLSHTNIDDP NNSSDPNKNS DQGDTMGEDE
DRLVIDLFRE YNFLIRPVKN VSSPPVVVDF GVAMILLINV DEKNQILQTN VWLTMKWNDF
QLAWNPAEYG NISNLHVPSD RVWLPDIVLF NNADGNYEVS FKSNVFVDHH GDVTWVPPAM
FKSSCRIDVE WFPFDEQCCT LVFGSWTYNS EEVRLHWYNN IQAVQLHDYS YSGIWDVIDV
PGQLVHKPDL KENKMVFNVV IRRKTLFYTV ILIIPTVLMA FLSVMAFYLP VDSGEKVSLT
ISLLLALVVF LLLVSKILPP TSNIPLMGKY LLLAFVLNIT AVVGTVVIVN IYFRSALSHK
MPTWVRKVFL EFLPHLLVMK RPERIPIFNG YFVEEYCASE IFDASLVMPS MTATMLPFLQ
VTTNLKAASS TSSGQSSEHH ENCSKWKKRL SIRMSKRRAP RARLDDDSED IIDDTNGNHV
DSLQEKISKE MKTTVEAIAY IAEHMKREMS LKKMRDDWKY VAMVLDRLIL LIFFGVTLGG
TLGIICSAPH VFDFVDQEAI ISKLNAKYLP SDMYS
