ACTB_XENTR
ID ACTB_XENTR Reviewed; 375 AA.
AC Q6NVA9;
DT 26-JUN-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 05-JUL-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 120.
DE RecName: Full=Actin, cytoplasmic 1;
DE AltName: Full=Beta-actin;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed;
GN Name=actb; ORFNames=TNeu072n05.1;
OS Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia;
OC Batrachia; Anura; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Silurana.
OX NCBI_TaxID=8364;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Neurula;
RG Sanger Xenopus tropicalis EST/cDNA project;
RL Submitted (OCT-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Embryo;
RG NIH - Xenopus Gene Collection (XGC) project;
RL Submitted (MAR-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to
CC produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of
CC cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin)
CC forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and
CC contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton,
CC G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene
CC transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60709}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a
CC structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix (By
CC similarity). Each actin can bind to 4 others (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60709, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60710}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60710}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O93400}.
CC -!- PTM: Oxidation of Met-44 and Met-47 by MICALs (mical1, mical2 or
CC mical3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament
CC depolymerization. Mical1 and mical2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The
CC (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by msrb1 and msrb2, which promote actin
CC repolymerization. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60710}.
CC -!- PTM: Methylation at His-73 by SETD3. Methylation stabilizes actin
CC filaments. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60706}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: In vertebrates 3 main groups of actin isoforms, alpha,
CC beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in
CC muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile
CC apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as
CC components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell
CC motility. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O93400}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the actin family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; CR855434; CAJ82356.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC068217; AAH68217.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC082343; AAH82343.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_998884.1; NM_213719.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q6NVA9; -.
DR SMR; Q6NVA9; -.
DR PaxDb; Q6NVA9; -.
DR DNASU; 407952; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSXETT00000003955; ENSXETP00000003955; ENSXETG00000025116.
DR GeneID; 407952; -.
DR KEGG; xtr:407952; -.
DR CTD; 60; -.
DR Xenbase; XB-GENE-490883; actb.
DR eggNOG; KOG0676; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_027965_0_2_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q6NVA9; -.
DR OMA; WISRTEY; -.
DR OrthoDB; 649708at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q6NVA9; -.
DR TreeFam; TF354237; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000008143; Chromosome 9.
DR Proteomes; UP000790000; Unplaced.
DR Bgee; ENSXETG00000025116; Expressed in ectoderm-derived structure and 35 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0015629; C:actin cytoskeleton; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005884; C:actin filament; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005856; C:cytoskeleton; ISS:AgBase.
DR GO; GO:0097433; C:dense body; ISS:AgBase.
DR GO; GO:0005925; C:focal adhesion; ISS:AgBase.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; ISS:AgBase.
DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0098973; F:structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton; IBA:GO_Central.
DR InterPro; IPR004000; Actin.
DR InterPro; IPR020902; Actin/actin-like_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR004001; Actin_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR043129; ATPase_NBD.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11937; PTHR11937; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00022; Actin; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00190; ACTIN.
DR SMART; SM00268; ACTIN; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53067; SSF53067; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS00406; ACTINS_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00432; ACTINS_2; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS01132; ACTINS_ACT_LIKE; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Acetylation; ATP-binding; Cytoplasm; Cytoskeleton; Methylation;
KW Nucleotide-binding; Nucleus; Oxidation; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..375
FT /note="Actin, cytoplasmic 1"
FT /id="PRO_0000367098"
FT INIT_MET 1
FT /note="Removed; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60706"
FT CHAIN 2..375
FT /note="Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed"
FT /id="PRO_0000292338"
FT MOD_RES 1
FT /note="N-acetylmethionine; in Actin, cytoplasmic 1;
FT alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60706"
FT MOD_RES 2
FT /note="N-acetylaspartate; in Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-
FT terminally processed"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60706"
FT MOD_RES 44
FT /note="Methionine (R)-sulfoxide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60710"
FT MOD_RES 47
FT /note="Methionine (R)-sulfoxide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60710"
SQ SEQUENCE 375 AA; 41753 MW; 79568672AF60CB72 CRC64;
MDDDIAALVV DNGSGMCKAG FAGDDAPRAV FPSIVGRPRH QGVMVGMGQK DSYVGDEAQS
KRGILTLKYP IEHGIVTNWD DMEKIWHHTF YNELRVAPEE HPVLLTEAPL NPKANREKMT
QIMFETFNTP AMYVAIQAVL SLYASGRTTG IVMDSGDGVT HTVPIYEGYA LPHAILRLDL
AGRDLTDYLM KILTERGYSF TTTAEREIVR DIKEKLCYVA LDFEQEMATA ASSSSLEKSY
ELPDGQVITI GNERFRCPEA LFQPSFLGME SCGIHETTYN SIMKCDVDIR KDLYANTVLS
GGTTMYPGIA DRMQKEITAL APSTMKIKII APPERKYSVW IGGSILASLS TFQQMWISKQ
EYDESGPSIV HRKCF
